Transcript 1920`s PowerPoint

The Roaring Twenties
Changes in American life
following WWI
• Labor saving products came on the scene and
transformed daily life. People now had more
leisure time. Some examples of these products are
- refrigerators, stoves, and vacuum cleaners.
• Electric lighting now existed in more than 60% of
American households.
• People moved to the suburbs and had cars to drive
back in to their city jobs.
Technological Advances in the
area of Communication
• Increased availability of telephones
• Development of the radio by Gugliemo
Marconi
• Development of the broadcast industry by
David Sarnoff
• Development of the movies
Gugelielmo Marconi –
Pioneer of wireless
communications “the
radio”
David Sarnoff –
Head of RCA, began
experimenting with the idea
of broadcast journalism –
first in radio and then TV
Entertainment
Movies
• Offered
entertainment
• Offered escape
• Were black and
white
• Were called talkies
• First talkie – The
Jazz Singer
Radios
• First commercial
radio broadcast –
KDKA in Pittsburgh
• Programs included
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News
Concerts
Sporting events
Comedies
music
The Great Migration North
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During WWI, more
This northern
than 500,000 African
migration caused
Americans had left
the South for new • Race riots
jobs in the North.
• Discrimination
Why?
• Violence Low-paying jobs in the
all in the north
south
Discrimination and
violence in the south
Better employment
opportunities in the
north
Segregation in the
south
There was much intolerance in
America during the 1920s. Some
examples….
 Increase in the number of lynchings (hangings) in the
South. More than 70 African Americans were lynched.
 Revival of the Ku Klux Klan – They used pressure and
scare tactics to get their way, but sometimes Klan
members whipped or lynched people or burned
property.
 Nativism – the belief that native-born Americans were
superior to foreigners.
 Back to Africa Movement – supported by Marcus
Garvey who opposed integration and urged African
Americans to establish their own country in Africa.
Intolerance Continued
- The Red Scare was a period when the government
went after “Reds” - as communists
were known, and others with radical
views such as anarchists.
•Anarchists – people who believe
there should be no government
• In the early 1920s, the government
deported – expelled about 500 aliens
it had arrested because they were
considered dangerous.
Intolerance Continued –
The Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti
The Crime – two men
robbed a shoe factory in
Massachusetts, shooting
and killing a guard and
paymaster.
Arrested – Italian
immigrants Nicola Sacco
and Bartolomeo
Vanzetti. Both men
were anarchists and
Sacco owned a gun
similar to the one found
at the crime scene.
Verdict – Sacco and
Vanzetti were executed.
Inventions and Technology
Wider
availability of
consumer goods
Increased
demand for
electricity
Brand
Names
Assembly line
Radio
Higher standard Advertising
of living
Installment
buying
More leisure
time for me!!
Advertisements of the 1920s
The effects of the automobile
on American society
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Detroit, Michigan became the automobile
manufacturing center of the world.
The automobile
Increased mobility
Allowed movement to the suburbs
Provided new jobs
Supported industries such as:
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Steel
Road construction
Tourism
Oil
Music, Art, and Literature
• The Harlem Renaissance was a time of
increased awareness of the literary and
artistic achievements of African Americans.
• 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Langston Hughes - writer
Jacob Lawrence - artist
Louis Armstrong - musician
Duke Ellington - musician
Bessie Smith – blues singer
Music- -The Age of Jazz
• Louis Armstrong – African
American jazz composer
• Duke Ellington – African
American jazz composer
• Aaron Copeland – composer
who wrote uniquely
American music
• Bessie Smith – African
American blues singer
• George Gershwin –
composer who wrote
uniquely American music
Music- -The Age of Jazz
Louis
Armstrong
Duke Ellington
• Bessie Smith-blues singer
during the Harlem Renaissance
Aaron Copeland –
composer of
uniquely American
music both jazz
and classical
George Gershwin – composer of
uniquely American music. Musicals:
Porgy and Bess, Funny Face
Art
• Georgia O’Keefe – artist known for urban
scenes and, later, paintings of the Southwest
• Jacob Lawrence – African American painter
who chronicled the experiences of the Great
Migration north through art
Paintings of Georgia O’Keefe
Paintings of Jacob Lawrence
Literature
• Langston Hughes –African American poet
who combined the experiences of African
and American cultural roots
• F. Scott Fitzgerald – novelist who wrote
about the Jazz Age of the 1920s
• John Steinbeck – novelist who portrayed the
strength of poor migrant workers during the
1930s
Literature
Harlem
What happens to a dream deferred?
Does it dry up
like a raisin in the sun?
Or fester like a sore—
And then run?
Does it stink like rotten meat?
Or crust and sugar over—
like a syrupy sweet?
Maybe it just sags
like a heavy load.
Or does it explode?
Langston Hughes
F. Scott
Fitzgerald –
novelist, wrote
about the Jazz
Age of the 1920s
John Steinbeck –
novelist, wrote
about migrant
workers in the
1930s
Key Individuals who
impacted the 1920s
• Henry Ford – model T
• John Scopes –
biology teacher –found guilty
of teaching evolution
• Clarence Darrow –
defense attorney
• John Scopes is arrested in Tennessee for teaching
evolution. His trial causes a national sensation.
• Scopes was convicted and lost his job. Laws against
teaching evolution remained but were
• rarely enforced.
Prohibition – the forbidding by law
of the making or selling of
alcoholic beverages
• The Temperance Movement worked to rid alcohol
in America.
• The 18th Amendment made it illegal to
manufacture, transport, and sell alcoholic
beverages in our country It was passed in 1919.
• Because the 18th Amendment didn’t work,
Congress voted to pass the 21st Amendment which
repealed the 18th Amendment.
The following resulted from the
18th Amendment:
Moonshine – homemade
alcohol
Bootleggers – people
who made and sold
alcohol illegally
Speakeasies – clubs
where alcohol was sold
illegally
Organized
crime
Changing Role of Women
• The symbol of the 1920’s
American women was the
flapper. (women who
were eager to try
something new)
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Women discovered more personal
freedom in the 1920s.
drove cars
played sports
went to college
had new job
opportunities
could vote
gained property
rights
Frank Lloyd Wright
• He was an American
architect, interior
designer, writer, and
educator who
designed more than
1000 projects.