Transcript Types of Insomnia

Insomnia
Ayça GÜZEY
1803568
PSYC 374
Outline
•
•
•
•
•
•
Definition and Symptoms of Insomnia
Types of Insomnia
The Causes of Insomnia
The Risk Group
The Prevention Methods
The Treatment Methods for Insomnia
Definition of Insomnia
• Defining basically as inadequate sleep ( Kalat,
2009)
• Leading to trouble falling asleep, staying
asleep, or waking too early
• resulting in daytime impairment (Punnoose,
Golub& Burke, 2012)
Types of Insomnia
• Transient Insomnia
▫ Lasting less than 1 month
• Short-term Insomnia
▫ Lasting between 1 and 6 months
• Chronic Insomnia
▫ Lasting more than 6 months
Types of Insomnia
• Primary Insomnia:
▫ occuring without another co-existing disease.
• Comorbid Insomnia:
▫ occuring with another medical or psychiatric condition
relatedly
▫ Not be caused by co-existing disorder
▫ Having negative effect on the treatment of another
disorder
 Depression and insomnia
Causes of Insomnia
• Biological factors:
▫ Chronic pain such as headache disorder
▫ Difficulty in breathing such as asthma and sleep
apnea
▫ Psychiatric disorders
▫ Restless legs syndrome
▫ Dementia
Causes of Insomnia
• Biological factors:
▫ Some medications and substances:
 Caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol
 Some medications for asthma
Causes of Insomnia
• Environmental factors:
▫ Conditioned arousal: bed and bedroom become
unconscious cue for arousal because of past
experiences
▫ Trying too hard: spending time in bed when
cannot sleep
▫ Worrying: because of having difficulty in
sleeping, people may become worry
Risk Group for Insomnia
• “Night
owls” who do not have a regular wake
time
• People with genetic predisposition are also
more likely to develop insomnia. Twin studies
show that genetics plays a role in insomnia.
• Women are twice as likely to experience
insomnia as men.
• Older adults are more likely to experience
insomnia.
Prevention Methods
• Going to sleep and getting up at the same time
• If you are having a hard time falling asleep, leave
the bedroom and engage in some activities such
as reading a book until you feel sleepy
• Avoiding drinking caffeinated beverages during
the 8 hours before your bedtime.
Prevention Methods
• Not eating heavy meals immediately before sleep
and drinking alcohol close to bedtime.
• Desining calming environment when going to sleep
• Do not exercise before bedtime
Treatments for Insomnia
• In comorbid insomnia: treating associated
disorder
• Cognitive behavioral therapy: modifying sleep
behaviors and exploring your attitudes toward
and thoughts about sleep
• Prescription medication for short period of time
Reference List
• Kalat, J. W. (2009). Biological Psychology (pp. 275276). Belmont: Wadsworth.
• Punnoose, A. R., Golub, R. M. & Burke, A. E.
(2012). Insomnia. The Journal of the American
Medical Association, 307 (24).
Doi:10.1001/jama.2012.6219
• Insomnia (n.d.). Standford Hospital and Clinics.
Retrieved from:
http://stanfordhospital.org/clinicsmedServices/cli
nics/sleep/sleep_disorders/insomnia.html#type