Transcript Primary Insomnia

Primary Insomnia
Francisco Perez
Psychology
Period 4
Primary insomnia
• Difficulty sleeping
in various forms:
trouble falling
asleep, frequent
awakening, or
getting a full
night’s sleep but
not feeling rested.
Associated Features
• An impact of insomnia can be a high
risk of depression
• DSM-IV-TR Criteria
• The predominant complaint is
difficulty initiating or maintaining
sleep, or nonrestorative sleep, for at
least 1 month.
• The sleep disturbance (or associated
daytime fatigue) causes clinically
significant distress or impairment in
social, occupational, or other
important areas of functioning.
Associated features
• The sleep disturbance does not occur
exclusively during the course of
narcolepsy, breathing-related sleep
disorder, circadian rhythm sleep disorder,
or a parasomnia.
• The disturbance does not exclusively
occur during the course of another
mental disorder
• The disturbance is not due to the direct
physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a
drug of abuse, a medication) or a general
medical condition
Etiology
• The cause can be different for
everyone but involves something
that holds the attention of the
mind with the inability to sleep or
worry about sleep.
• Insomnia can be caused by stress.
Stress leads to tension and anxiety
resulting in awakening. Therefore,
people become frustrated and get
accustomed to a poor sleep hygiene.
Prevalence
• Primary insomnia Is
more common in
women
• occurs up to 10%
adults
• Occurs up to 25%
of elderly adults
Treatment
• Relaxation and staying attached to a
predetermined sleep cycle. The person would
make a schedule when he or she can and
cannot sleep. For example, the person may
go to bed at 11p.m. and get out of bed up at
6a.m. regardless if they got any sleep. They
also have no other time to sleep during
the day.
• Healthy eating.
• Sleep hygiene is recommended in self care at
home. If it is followed and insomnia
continues to occur then medications such
as benzodiazepines can be used.
Treatment
• Eliminate the use of
caffeine, especially after
noon.
• Do not use tobacco or
alcohol near bedtime.
• Avoid heavy meals close to
bedtime.
• Exercise early in the day
before dinner to release
stress, but not before
bedtime.
• Avoid daytime naps.
• minimize light and noise.
prognosis
• In some patients,
improvement in sleep
leads to an improved
quality of life
• Prognosis is good
since the body has a
need for sleep and it
would adjust to
recover the lack of
sleep.
References
• 7 November 2004.Primary insomnia. Retrieved
from
http://allpsych.com/disorders/sleep/insom
nia.html
• Ranjan, a. (n.d.) Primary Insomnia. Retrieved
from
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/primary
_ insomnia/article_em.htm
• Myers, d.g. (2011). Myers’ psychology for ap.
New york, ny: worth publishers
Discussion
• In what ways can primary
insomnia be conditioned?
• What can be used to treat and
prevent primary insomnia?