Transcript CHAPTER 6, GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS

Chapter 6
Groups And Organizations
Key Terms

dyad
Group consisting of two people.

triad
Group consisting of three people.
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group size effects
Effects of group number on group behavior.
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triadic segregation
The tendency for triads to segregate into a
coalition of the dyad against the isolate.
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primary groups
Groups consisting of intimate, face-to-face
interaction and relatively long-lasting
relationships.
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secondary groups
Groups with large membership, less intimate,
and less long lasting.
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reference groups
Serve as a standard for evaluating values,
attitudes, and behaviors.
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attribution theory
Individuals generate a significantly distorted
perception of the motives and capabilities of
other people's acts based on whether the
person is an in-group or an out-group member.

social network
A set of links between individuals or between
other social units. Networks based on race,
class, and gender form with particular
readiness, especially job networks.

status generalizations
Term used when the status hierarchy in a
society has a measurable effect on behavior
within a closed group.

groupthink
The tendency for group members to reach a
consensus opinion, even if that decision is
downright stupid.

risky shift
The tendency for groups to weigh risk
differently than individuals.
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formal organization
A large secondary group, highly organized to
accomplish a complex task or tasks and to
achieve goals in an efficient manner.
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normative organizations
Voluntary organizations, such as clubs, political
parties and advocacy organizations.
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coercive organizations
Organizations cut off from the rest of society
where individuals are subjected to strict social
control.
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utilitarian organizations
Large organizations that are joined by
individuals for specific purposes, such as
monetary reward.

bureaucracy
A type of formal organization characterized by
an authority hierarchy, a clear division of labor,
explicit rules, and impersonality.