Transcript Healthy Eating Presentation limerick

Healthy Eating Without Costing the Earth
Limerick 2016
Delivered by
Lourdes Youth and Community Services
www.lycs.ie
1
 BROKEN WORLD/BROKEN
FOOD SYSTEM
2
People all over the world are eating more and more meat, diary &
processed/junk food.
Obesity and other related diseases are on the rise. Hunger affects 1 in 9
The way we produce food is threatening soil, animal species, water and
climate.
Who decides what we eat and how?
How can we encourage better eating for people & planet.
3
4
HUNGER
Not enough Food
Nearly 1 billion
OBESITY
Enough food but often
not enough nutrition
2 billion +
5
6
7
 The global food system produces
nearly 40% of carbon emissions.
This includes producing, packaging, transporting, storing and
cooking food.
8
9
10
11
Western Diet and Disease
12

In small groups take 3 photos of low, middle and
high income country family & what they eat in 1
week. Compare photos from the 3 places.
 What are main differences
 Which are healthier, more sustainable diets?
 What do the pictures say about trends in food as we
get richer?
 Why are diets changing?
 How do the photos compare to food consumed in
Ireland past and present?
13
 WHAT INFLUENCES FOOD
CHOICES
14
What people chose to
put in their own mouths
is a personal choice and
responsibility
15

A peasant in a poor Latin American country
who lives off small patch of land and sells
surplus corn in local market

A lone parent non-driver in council flats in
north east inner city Dublin, family benefit, 4
kids

A disabled elderly person living in residential
care in Monaghan
16
Amount of land they have and the weather/climate
 Price of food
 Their class, social group or ethnicity
 Government advice on healthy eating e.g. food pyramid
 Food advertising
 Fussy eating in kids
 What is available nearby
 Weight-loss diets, or other special diets e.g. diabetes
 Cooking skills
 Climate change
 Commodity prices on stock exchange
 Trade agreements
 Culture
 Large corporate influence

17
18
NOW
PAST &
FUTURE?
Important part
of our
nutritional
intake?
Parents and
other caregivers give to
children/sick
and elderly?
Affordable and
freely
available?
Advertised
widely?
Cocaine
Cigarettes
Alcohol
Sugar/Junk
Food
19









Heart disease
Tooth decay
Obesity
Diabetes Type 2
Hypertension
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Dementia
Cholesterol and liver disease
Malnutrition (empty calories)
20
There is added sugar in a lot of processed food.
The WHO says we should only consume 6-9
teaspoons a day
 Manufacturers use many different terms to avoid
saying sugar, e.g. high fructose corn syrup
 As well as looking for the word sugar on label (which
means added sugar), check % of sugar.


21
22
A source of sugar used in processed food
especially drinks
 Contributes to heart disease, obesity,
cancer, dementia, liver failure, tooth
decay.

23

Car/House/Body exercise
24





Breastmilk Vs Formula
Canned baked beans Vs Raw haricot beans
Porridge Oats Vs Ready Break/Oat bar
Raw cacao Vs Diary Milk
Corn on Cob Vs Cornflakes
25
 WHERE OUR FOOD COMES
FROM - IMPORTATION
26
Write down 10 things you eat/drank yesterday
and if home made/take away/GIY/organic etc.
 What would you like to be eating more or less
of?
 Share (what you want) with partner.
 Discuss:
 What do you think are the issues facing Irish
people in general in terms of food.
 What determines what you end up eating?

27
Imported Food
• Half of what we spend on food and drink
comes from abroad
 60% of imports could be produced in Ireland
e.g. potatoes, carrots, apples ,fish, poultry,
pork.
40% we couldn’t produce due to climate, e.g.
tea, chocolate, oranges
28
29
Are we self-sufficient?
 If there was a problem and Ireland
couldn’t import/transport food, within 7
days there would be food shortages.
 If Ireland had to go back to being selfsufficient in food it would take 7 years.
30

Neoliberal Globalisation/Free Trade – all markets are ‘open’,
food is another commodity to be traded. Via WTO

Price – poorer countries often produce food at cheaper
prices. Most fresh whole chickens here are Irish, once you go
to catering level at the sandwich bar or café, nearly all of it is
cheaper imports, often from Brazil and Thailand.

Industry issues –e.g. Boyne Valley Honey, says most of their
honey is imported from Europe and South America because
of the wet climate, lack of beekeepers and demise of Irish
bees.
31
In small groups brainstorm the pros and
cons of importing food into Ireland, in
terms of environment, sustainability,
jobs, justice, nutrition, variety in diet
etc.
 Watch the film on Kenyan Beans
 See if your list changes.
 Feedback

32
Where does our food come from?
Type of food
European Union
countries
Countries outside of
the European Union
Cereals
Netherlands, France, Denmark,
Spain
Chile, Canada, Egypt,
Pakistan, Thailand, Canada,
Colombia, Costa Rica
Prepared foods (includes
processed food like sugar,
chocolate, sweets)
Spain, Germany,
Republic of Ireland,
Greece, France, Portugal
USA, Israel, Turkey, India,
China, Ghana, Egypt
Fruit and vegetables
Italy, Germany, France,
Spain
Costa Rica, Colombia, Argentina,
Brazil, Canada, Honduras, New
Zealand
Dairy products
Germany, Belgium, Netherlands,
Finland Austria, Denmark Italy
Kosovo, Thailand, Canada,
Singapore
Argentina, China,
Beverages
Germany, Netherlands France,
Luxembourg
Kenya, Israel, India, Brazil,
Indonesia, USA, Canada
Meat
France, Germany,
Netherlands
Brazil, Thailand, Argentina, USA
Seafood
Germany, Belgium, Denmark
Seychelles, USA, Thailand
Philippines, India, Iceland
33

Promotes: economic liberalisation,
privatisation, free trade, open markets,
deregulation, reductions in government
spending, enhance private sector.

How: free trade agreements, CAP, World
Trade Organisation (rules for members), IMF
& World Bank, EU
34
Free (liberal) trade
Policy
Result
Reducing/removing taxes and
tariffs, subsidies, price controls
You can’t protect indigenous food
industry from cheap imports, food
flown round the world
Deregulation (labour standards)
Wages go down, unions quashed,
no minimum wage
Deregulation (environmental
protection)
Big companies can cut rainforest
to grow cash crops
Deregulation (animal & food
protection)
Lower standards of welfare for
animals and lower standards of
35
food production
World Trade Organisation
 The World Trade Organization (WTO) supervises and liberalises international trade.
 Started 1995, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which
stated in 1948
 Deals with regulation of trade between participating countries; e.g. trade agreements,
dispute resolution
 WTO is trying to complete Doha Development Round negotiations (deadline 2005) but
developing and developed countries can't agree on rules to regulate agricultural trade
(rich world want to keep subsidies and developing don't agree).
 Famously tens of thousands protested against WTO in Seattle in 1999.
 As with other international financial institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank,
the WTO's policies have been critisised for contributing to the widening gap between
rich and poor, for benefitting mainly richer countries and for not seeking to protect
labour rights and the environment.
36



The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a trade
agreement that is presently being negotiated between the
European Union and the United States.
It aims at removing trade barriers in a wide range of economic
sectors to make it easier to buy and sell goods and services between
the EU and the US.
On top of cutting tariffs across all sectors, the EU and the US want
to tackle barriers behind the customs border – such as differences in
technical regulations, standards and approval procedures. These
often cost unnecessary time and money for companies who want to
sell their products on both markets..
FROM: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/in-focus/ttip/about-ttip/
37
38
39
Globalisation
ofSouth
Agriculture
in South
Globalisation
of Global
agriculture
'free' trade in agri-products
high-tech export oriented farming
low spending on domestic farming
open markets to food imports
How were
changes made?
Through IMF
loan
conditionalities,
or SAPs
privatisation (e.g. patent DNA)
increased use of fertilizers and pesticides
less land-reform
less rural reform e.g. irrigation
40
 WHY IS FOOD PROCESSED?
41
The Problems with Processed
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Unhealthy – high sugar, salt, fat
Addictive ingredients to sell
Cheap Fillers e.g. cellulose, horse
Lower welfare (people and animals)
More impact planet
High marketing, e.g. to kids
Less educated, poorer more
susceptible
42








Monoculture
Needs lots of fertiliser & pesticide & water
Huge areas land, removes people & animals
Needs lots oil
Send all over world
GMO in US etc.
Some subsidised e.g. Corn in US
Floods 3rd world markets, small farmers lose
43







Big business
Relies on cheap raw materials such as corn,
soy, wheat, sugar, palm oil
Grown using pesticides, lots of oil etc.
Often uses bulkers e.g. wood or water
Advertising & marketing important
Adds ‘value’ (profit) to food items (less
nutrients)
‘Externalises’ costs such as water, soil, land
44
 FOOD IS BIG BUSINESS
45
Banana
Worker
Shipper
Shops &
Supermarket
Importer &
Ripener
Plantation
Owner
46
Banana worker 1p
Plantation owner 5p
Shipper 4p
Shop or supermarket 13p
Importer and ripener 7p
Total 30p
47








High commodity costs
Low labour costs
TV ownership
Low fat fad
Access to water,
environmental
protection laws
Intensive chicken
farming
antibiotics







fertilisers
cheap oil
Grow it Yourself
GMOs
people in cash
economy
Subsistence
agriculture
Free trade laws
48
Product: ___________________________
Company: __________________________

Your profits rose by 21% this year. Congratulations! We’d love to know more about how you managed
this. Can you tell us a bit about the product? What bulking agents did you use to reduce the raw
material bill?

What other innovative technology did you avail of? (GMO, antibiotics, modern pesticides etc.)

You also own the plantation in ____________. How did you deal with the emerging trade union
movement there, which is trying to get higher wages for workers?

Do you avail of any off-shore tax solutions?

Do you enjoy any government subsidies or have you benefited from any recent free trade
agreements?

Environmental legislation is a growing problem for many manufacturers in that part of the world, due
to the threat of climate change, soil erosion and habitat destruction. How did you minimise costs in
this area?

What about the demand from consumers and government to lessen dangerous additives and sugar?

What was your marketing strategy? Which age group did you target and why?
49
Fertilisers (after 2nd
World War from
munitions plus cheap oil)
Consequences:
Monoculture to produce
large amount grain/other
cash crops
• Disease from processed food in
US, UK
• Hunger when poor can’t buy food
• Loss habitats/biodiversity/climate
change/soil erosion
What to do with surplus?
• Give as Food Aid to 3rd World
(make dependent)
• Process to add value
• Force Free Trade laws to open
new markets
Pesticides to control
pests from monoculture
Antibiotics for intensive
produced animals
50
51
52
 2 billion extra people to feed
 Many demanding more meat, animal
produce
 Climate change – reduced fertile land
 Water scarcity?
 Peak oil, lack cheap energy?
 Soil degradation
 Who owns seeds?
53
Some Global Food Issues
54
 FOOD ADVICE
55
What we hear
Alternative voices
Eat lots of starchy food
Starchy food is similar to sugar and makes us fat, esp. if
added sugar or white version
Fat is bad, chose low fat
Fat is fine, chose full fat. Low fat and high
sugar/processing is worse
Chose low cholesterol food
Cholesterol in diet is ok, epigenetics decide if problem
for you
Have some meat
Meat is bad for planet. OR Meat is great, eat lots.
(paleo)
Sugar is bad
No evidence that sugar is bad ‘Health Food Made Easy
Programme’
Junk food is bad
Junk food is bad!
56
57
Food Advice via Big Business
Ignore mainstream nutritional advice. Many big nutritional bodies are funded by Big
Sugar http://iquitsugar.com/funded-by-big-sugar/
58
59
60
 WHAT IS IN OUR FOOD?
61

Brainstorm undesirables in our food
62
Which is alive?
A Robot
Vs
A Person
63
Which is healthier?
64
Which produces what we need?
65
Margarine – a healthy food?
66
67
 LABELS
68


How many ingredients? Can you pronounce?
How much nutrition? Protein, iron, calcium..
69
70

Total sugar content. Should be less than 5% or
5gm per 100gm to be low sugar food.

Allow extra 5gm more if a diary product as
lactose is sugar.

Divide gms of sugar by 4 to get teaspoons e.g.
8gm is 2 teaspoons. Max per day should be 6-9
for adults.
71





Avoid hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oil
(trans-fat). (changed to stay solid at room
temperature). Causes heart disease, cancer and
diabetes.
All vegetable oils (sunflower, soya, rapeseed etc.) have
been highly refined and heated and are not healthy.
Palm oil is not bad for us, but often very unsustainably
sourced.
Low Fat/No fat Fewer calories but more processed and
vitamins and minerals lost, esp. fat soluble.
For cooking at home coconut oil, ghee, butter and lard
are less likely to be damaged and become unhealthy
72





Trans fat extends the shelf life of food products
is among the most dangerous substances that
you can consume.
Banned in Denmark
increases the risk of heart attacks, heart disease
and strokes, and contributes to increased
inflammation, diabetes and other health
problems.
Found in: margarine, chips and crackers, baked
goods, fast foods.
73
74





Nitrates/Nitrites – Allergic reactions, cancer?
Sulphites – allergic reaction esp for
asthmatics
Polysorbates – infertility,
immunosuppressant
BHT/BHA – Liver and kidney problems
Sodium Benzoate – allergic reacions,
carcinogen
75
Aspartame, (E951) (aka Nutrasweet ,Amino Sweet).
Neurotoxin and carcinogen. Known to erode
intelligence and affect short-term memory.
Acesulfame-K has not been thoroughly tested and
has been linked to kidney tumors.
Saccharine Causes cancer in animals, maybe
humans
Sucralose (Splenda) More research needed
76



Over 100 chemical additives in this group
Reactions include allergies, behavioural
reactions
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG / E621)
Regular consumption may result in depression,
disorientation, eye damage, fatigue,
headaches, and obesity. Found in: Chinese
food, many snacks, chips, cookies, seasonings,
most Campbell Soup products, frozen dinners,
lunch meats
77
May contribute to behavioural problems in children and
lead to a significant reduction in IQ. Animal studies have
linked other food colourings to cancer. Watch out for these ones:



Blue #1 and Blue #2 (E133), Banned in Norway, Finland and France. May cause
chromosomal damage
Red dye # 3 (also Red #40 – a more current dye) (E124) Banned in 1990 after 8
years of debate from use in many foods and cosmetics. This dye continues to
be on the market until supplies run out! Has been proven to cause thyroid
cancer and chromosomal damage in laboratory animals, may also interfere
with brain-nerve transmission.
Yellow #6 (E110) and Yellow Tartrazine (E102). Banned in Norway and Sweden.
Increases the number of kidney and adrenal gland tumours in laboratory
animals, may cause chromosomal damage. Found in: American cheese, sweets
and carbonated beverages, lemonade and more.
78
 Chose plants, not food from a plant
 Foods, not food products.
 Enjoy your food, think about what
you are putting in (maximum
nutrients) not what you are
depriving yourself of
79
Lost nutrition.
Increasing shelf life = use of preservatives, e.g. salt,
mold inhibitors, bacteria killers, antioxidants,
antimicrobial chemicals, etc…). Many dangerous
 To make food more palatable and attractive,
additives are used. E.g. artificial food colorings
which can causes cognitive problems in children
 Companies want cheaper manufacturing techniques
and ingredients. Lab food is cheaper than a
naturally sourced ingredient. Lower welfare and
lower quality meats used.


80


Highly industrialised, often subsidised cheap
food turned into profit. E.g. corn and soy–
soy oil and high fructose corn syrup are found
in many processed items.
Fat, salt and sweetness – cheap and addictive
ingredients that make food appealing but
unhealthy.
81









Look at nutritional info – do you have any high sugar or high fat
foods. Is it healthy fat?
Do you have non-food ingredients? Do you trust them?
Compare the label images and claims with the nutritional info –
any differences?
Where do you think the main ingredients come from (small
sustainable farm/ large industrial farms/Ireland or abroad/factory
or farm) ?
Which ingredients are addictive?
Which are ‘bulkers’ or ‘enhancers’?
Do you think any nutrients have been lost in the product?
Is it good value for money in terms of nutrition? If no price, guess.
Do you think your items are made sustainably?
82

Healthy antioxidants and lower levels of toxic metals and
pesticides. (latest 2014 researchhttp://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jul/11/organic-food-moreantioxidants-study)

switching to organic fruit and veg could give the same
benefits as adding 1 or 2 portions of the recommended
"five a day".

Organic farming protects soil and pollutes water less.

BUT it is more expensive. Check out Dirty Dozen list of
most toxic fruit and veg.
83
 True or False - processed/junk
food is cheaper, which is why
disadvantaged groups are more
likely to chose it.
84








Organic
Fair trade
Sustainable
Made in Ireland
Low fat/fat free
Contains Omega 3
Natural Flavourings
Traceable
85
 HEALTHY EATING ON A
BUDGET
86
Tesco Chicken nuggets and Moy Park whole chicken,
almost same price per kilo, €4, but nuggets only 55%
chicken
 Bowl organic porridge and Tesco Cornflakes both 10c,
but porridge much healthier
 Tesco Value Cod fillets, €11.96/kg, Birds Eye Fish
Fingers, €10.69/kg 58% Pollock, Tesco value Fish
Fingers €3.88/kg, 65% Pollock. Donegal Catch
Breaded Cod €14.98/kg
 Tesco Everyday Value Chicken Curry 400G €1.29 but
13% chicken

87
Tinned wild salmon
Tinned cooked beans
Tinned Tuna
Organic potatoes
Organic/Free Range Eggs
Sweet Potatoes
Large natural live yoghurt
Organic cheddar cheese
Mussels , cod, smoked makerel
Sundried tomatoes (though have
preservative)
Avocados, bag €2
Organic minced beef
Brown Rice
Whole wheat pasta
Almonds, other nuts
Brown pitta bread
Nuts in shell
Free range chicken
Organic apples, oranges
Tinned tomatoes, passata
Fair trade organic bananas
Olives
Organic porridge oats
Range fruit and veg
88
Instead of this:
Get this:
Tesco Value Chicken Curry & Rice (for
one)
€1.29
2 Value fillets, healthy tikka sauce, frozen
peas, pepper, sweet corn.
€2.40 per person
Potatoes
Sweet Potatoes
StrawberryYoghurt
Natural Yoghurt with fresh fruit
Frozen chips
Sweet potato wedges homemade
Packet of crisps
Packet of popcorn (not cheesey one)
Bacon & Egg Sandwich
Egg Sandwich, egg and cheese sandwich
89
 TIPS HEALTHY SUSTAINABLE
EATING
90
91
92
93
94
Real (whole) food, i.e. food in the form that it grows in. The less done to it the better. Cook from scratch as much as possible.






















Vegetables (fresh or frozen, preferably Irish grown in season)
Fruit (as above, whole and fresh better than juice or dried but all have nutrients)
Pulses e.g. Peas, beans, lentils (cook from dried or in cans but not in sauce)
Eggs (free range if affordable)
Poultry (free range if affordable)
Fresh fish (sea caught, not farmed)
Nuts, seeds, nut and seed butters
Tinned fish (esp. dolphin friendly or pole and line caught)
Healthy oils (e.g. olive oil, coconut oil)
Avocados
Live yoghurt, whole milk
Unprocessed cheese, any type
Organic soya products
Irish beef, lamb, pork (not cold cooked meats)
Brown/whole grain/whole wheat bread, rice and pasta (or other starches such as buckwheat, wholegrain couscous etc)
Whole oats (porridge)
Corn (on the cob, polenta, tinned corn, frozen corn)
Jacket potatoes or sweet potatoes
Home-made baking and treats
Very dark chocolate
Fresh or dried herbs and spices
Add wheat germ, sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds to cereals. Garlic, parsley and turmeric to stews and curries
95
96
97
Action Ideas
 Changing Policy/Government
 Consumer Power
 Direct Action
 Cultural Action
 Communications/Awareness Raising
 Walking the Walk/Living Alternatives
 Symbolic/Spiritual
 Solidarity
 Labour action
98