Transcript Fungi - TeacherWeb

Fungi
• I. What are fungi?
– A.
– B.
– C.
– D.
– E.
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Eukaryotes
Heterotrophs
Use spores to reproduce
Need moist, warm environment
Examples:
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2.
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mushrooms
molds
yeast
Penicillium
• II. Structure
– A. Hyphae
• 1. branching, threadlike tubes
• 2. can be loose and tangled or tightly packed
– B. Mushroom parts
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cap - protects the spores
gills - holds the spores
spores - reproductive cells
stalk - holds up the cap
underground hyphae - takes in food
• III. Getting food
– A. Grow hyphae into a food source
– B. Secrete digestive chemicals from the
hyphae
– C. Absorb the broken down food
– D. All fungi feed off other organisms,
some alive, some dead.
• IV. Reproduction
– A. Fungi produce spores, which are
carried easily by wind or water.
– B. The spores are made in a fruiting body.
– C. Asexual reproduction
• 1. A fungus produces spores, all identical to
parent.
• 2. Yeast can do budding, where a small cell
grows off the parent cell and breaks off.
– D. Sexual reproduction
• 1. Two fungi grow their hyphae together, then
produce spores that are a mix of genes from
each parent.
• V. Fungi and the Living World
– A. Decomposers
– B. Food
• 1. yeast helps make bread
– a. feeds on sugar in the dough
– b. produces CO2 gas, which causes the bread to
rise.
• 2. blue cheese contains mold
• 3. some mushrooms are edible
– C. Cause disease
• 1. destroy food crops
• 2. Athlete’s foot attacks our feet
• 3. Ringworm causes an itchy, circular rash
– D. Fight disease
• 1. Penicillium is a mold that kills bacteria
– E. Plant helpers
• 1. Some fungi grow their hyphae around plant
roots
• 2. This helps the plant grow larger because of
the extra water and nutrients the hyphae
absorb for the plant.
– F. Lichens
• 1. A fungus and an algae or autotrophic
bacteria living in a mutualistic relationship.
– a. both species benefit
• 2. Fungus gets the food produced by the
algae or bacteria.
• 3. Algae gets water and minerals from the
fungus.