Transcript Chapter 22 - Jamestown Public Schools

Exploring Diversity
Fungi
Kingdom Fungi
• Fungi are heterotrophic
(break down dead material)
• Fungi have bodies made of filaments
• Fungal cell walls contain chitin
Characteristics of Fungi
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Feeding
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Structures
• All fungi, except yeasts, have bodies
composed of slender filaments 
hyphae
• When hyphae grow, they branch & form
a tangled mass  mycelium
• Each hypha is a long string of cells
divided by partial cell walls - cytoplasm
is free to move freely b/w cells
Reproduction
• Fungi reproduce by releasing spores
formed sexually or asexually in
reproductive structures at the tips of
hyphae - carried in air
• Spores are haploid
Reproduction
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Zygomycetes
• Usually reproduce asexually
• Includes common bread mold
• Hyphae lack cells walls
Molds
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Ascomycetes
• Usually reproduce asexually
• Hyphae are divided by walls
• Yeast is common name given to
unicellular ascomycetes (budding)
• Other examples are morels, truffles, and
cup fungi
• Also found in this family are fungi that
cause most skin irritations including
athlete’s foot, & ring worm
Basidiomycetes
• Mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, jelly
fungi, & shelf fungi
• Examples: Rust attacks cereal crops ,
mushrooms, puffballs
• Hyphae- cell walls
Mushrooms
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Symbiotic Relationships
• Many fungi are involved in symbiotic
associations with algae & plants
• Symbiotic  mutualistic (both benefit)
• Examples: Mycorrhizae and Lichens
Mycorrhizae
• Type of mutualistic relationship between
fungi & vascular plant roots
• Hyphae transfers minerals from soil to
roots of plant, plant supplies
carbohydrates to fungus
Lichens
• Symbiosis between a fungus & a
photosynthetic partner like alga
• Photosynthetic partner provides carbs,
fungus provides protection from
environment