Transcript Chapter 21 : Kingdom Fungi

Chapter 21 :
Kingdom Fungi
Page: 527
What types of Fungi do
you know?






Bread Molds
Mushrooms
Molds on oranges
Yeasts
Mildews
Rusts & Smuts
What are Fungi?
 Have both plant and animal-like characteristics
 Plant-like characteristics:




Stationary
Grow upward
Have cell walls, but contain CHITIN not Cellulose
The big difference is they lack Chlorophyll
 Animal-like Characteristics:
 Heterotrophic (Parasitic or Saprohytes)
How are Fungi Classified?
 Fungi are classified
according to the way
they produce spores
during Sexual
reproduction.
 ZygomycotaZygospore
 BasidiomycotaBasidium
 Ascomycota- Ascus
Classification of Fungi
 Phylum: Zygomycota
 Phylum: Ascomycota
 Phylum: Basidiomycota
 Phylum: Deuteromycota
Phylum Zygomycota
Common Name: “The Common Molds”
Structures :
Zygospore-> resting spore that contains zygotes
Rhizoids.-> (roots)Anchor fungus to bread
Stolons-> Stems that run along the surface
Life Cycle: Sexual (2N zygote)
Asexual (N spore)
 Ex. Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer )






Bread Mold Life Cycle
Phylum Ascomycota
 “The sac Fungi” pg. 532
 Largest phylum in the kingdom
Fungi. (write under the phylum
name)
 Structures: Function
-Ascus (Asci) ->The Ascus is a
cup like structure where sexual
spores are produced.
-Conidia-> Asexual spores
Life Cycle: Sexual (2N zygote)
Asexual (N Conidia)
Ex. Yeast, Mildew, Cup Fungi.
Phylum Basidiomycota
 “The club fungi”pg. 534.
Very diverse group of fungus.
 Structure: Basidium-> the club
shaped reproductive structure
that contains the spores
 Life Cycle: Sexual (2N zygote,
and N basidiospores)
 Ex. Mushrooms and Shelf Fungi.
Rusts and smuts that damage
crops.
Phylum Deuteromycota
 “The Imperfect Fungi” pg. 536
Scientist have never been able to
observe a sexual phase in their
life cyle.
 Structure: No sexual
reproductive structures found
 Nothing in the Function Box
 Life cycle: Only asexual
 Ex. Penicillium notatum
(penicillin)
Fungi Relationships
 Some fungi are decomposers.
 Fungi are a key component in Lichens
 Lichens are a symbiotic relationship between a
fungus and a photosynthetic algae.
 Helps plants by absorbing water and minerals.
 Helps fungus by providing energy.
 Lichens are often a pioneer organism in barren
environments, and a good indicator of air
quality.
 Mycorrhizae are mutualistic relationships
between a fungus and plant roots.
Fungus as a parasite
 Athletes Foot
 Ringworm