Transcript Asexual Reproduction & Mitosis Notes

Asexual
Reproduction and
Mitosis
SB2 e: Compare the advantages of
sexual reproduction and asexual
reproduction in different situations
Occurs only through the process of ___________
Each offspring has the same genetic information
Where can asexual reproduction be found?
BACTERIA
YEAST
PLANTS
There are 5 different types of asexual reproduction.
1. ______________
Parent divides unequally; new individuals develop from buds
ex – yeast & hydra
2. ______________
Most simple form of asexual reproduction; Parent divides
equally and results in two separate individuals
Ex.-paramecium
3. _______________
Single specialized cells that germinate when released from
parent. Usually covered by a protective coating for preservation.
4. _______________/_________________
Ability to regrow new body parts/ability to grow new
Organism from parts.
ex – hyrda, planaria, starfish, the bad guy from Terminator 2
5. _____________ _____________/________________
Refers to roots, stems, and leaves. Cells divide then differentiate
to produce the same organism
Ex.- strawberry plant, pick-a-back plant
Period of time from one division to the next
___________
____________ division results in formation
of new individuals of the species
_____________ division results in replacemen
of old or damaged cells
__________
Process by which the _________ divides while
maintaining number of chromosomes
_____________ Division of the ___________
_____________
_____________
Reproduction that only involves ______ parent
so therefore no special reproductive organs
are needed
____________
Nuclear DNA wound around proteins known
as histones
____________
Condensed rolls of chromatin that are able
to be seen during mitosis (rod-like structures)
There are 6 phases in Cell Cycle
_________
________
_________
_________
__________
____________
Interphase
Known as “resting phase”
•Cells ________in size by producing more nucleic acids, proteins,
and cellular organelles
•Chromosomes make ________________, but they can’t be
•seen
•Nucleus of the cell is contained within the _______________
•___________ are present and duplicate themselves
Mitosis Begins
• Mitosis is the division of the __________
• Happens in __________/_______ cells
Prophase
•Double chromosomes become visible - Chromatid
•Chromosomes are 2 sister chromatids connected by a centromere
____________
____________
____________
•At the beginning, ____________ move to opposite poles
•Spindle fibers attach
•By the end, the nuclear envelope and nucleus have
_____________
DON’T DRAW
EARLY
LATE
Metaphase= “___________”
•Centromeres line up in the__________
Anaphase= ____________
•Daughter chromosomes move to _________sides of cell
(poles)
Telophase= “_______”
•Chromosomes ______ and return to previous shape (threadlike)
•Nuclear membrane and nuclei _______
NOTE: Cytokinesis begins during late anaphase and finishes
during telophase
Cytokinesis
• Two identical daughter cells are formed.
• Each cell has the _________ (2n) number
of chromosomes.
• In humans this is _______ chromosomes.
Same as mitosis in animals except:
• Plants have ________– spindle fibers take their place
• Cell wall ____________because it is too rigid
• Cell plate _________ the cell into two