Transcript Methods of Asexual Reproduction

• ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION – the production of new individuals
from one parent by mitosis. New organisms are identical to the
parent.
• BINARY FISSION – a type of asexual reproduction in which one
organism divides by mitosis to form two daughter cells of equal
size.
• BUDDING – a type of asexual reproduction in which one organism
divides by mitosis to form two daughter cells of unequal size.
• BULBS – a type of vegetative propagation in which an underground
stem, that is specialized for food storage, develops into a new
plant. Example: onion
• CUTTINGS - a type of vegetative propagation in which pieces of
roots, stems, or leaves develop into new plants. Example: roses
• GRAFTING - a type of vegetative propagation in which a cutting
from one plant, called a scion is attached to the main body of a
rooted plant called the stock. Example: seedless oranges
• REGENERATION – the development of a new organism from a part of
the parent organism. Examples: starfish & planaria
• RHIZOMES - a type of vegetative propagation in which long modified
stems, that grow horizontally UNDER the soil produce plants at nodes
along the stem. Example: grass
• RUNNERS - a type of vegetative propagation in which stems called
runners, grow out OVER the surface of the soil from the existing stem. At
points along the runner new plants grow. Example: strawberries
• SPORE – haploid reproductive cell, with a protective coat that allows it
to survive until conditions are favorable for growth
• SPORULATION - a type of asexual reproduction in which specialized
reproductive cells, called spores, produce new plants. Examples: mold,
mushrooms, mosses & ferns
• TUBER - a type of vegetative propagation in which underground stems
that contain stored food produce new plants. Example: potatoes
• VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION – a form of asexual plant reproduction. A
part of a plant grows into a new plant.
Methods of Asexual
Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
- results from mitotic cell division
(mitosis). During asexual reproduction
one cell, called the parent cell, divides
into two identical daughter cells. The
new organisms, called offspring are
genetically identical to the parent cell.
A. Binary fission: simplest type of asexual
reproduction. There is equal division of
the nucleus and cytoplasm of an
organism resulting in two new
organisms. The chromosomes of the
offspring are identical to the parent.
Examples: ameba, paramecium, euglena
& bacteria
B. Budding: A type of asexual reproduction
in which a new organism develops as an
outgrowth of the parent. The new
organism, called a bud is a tiny duplicate
of the parent organism. The nucleus of an
organism's cell divides equally but the
cytoplasm divides unequally.
-- the new cells formed may live as
individuals or as colonies
Examples: yeast, hydra
C. Sporulation: the production of spores
ex. Molds, mushrooms, mosses & ferns
Spores: Single, specialized cells which are
released from the parent -- they are
enclosed in a protective case and develop
when environmental conditions are
favorable.
The formation of spores occurs in bread
mold, mushrooms, mosses & ferns.
D. Regeneration: the development of an
entire new organism from part of the
parent organism.
Example: Starfish, Planaria & Sponges
-- may also involve the restoration of lost
body parts
-- invertebrates have greater powers of
regeneration than do vertebrates
E. Vegetative Propagation: a part of a plant,
a root, a stem or a leaf grows into a new
plant.
The new plant is exactly the same as the
parent plant.
Asexual Reproduction