Transcript Age of Exploration Chapter 3

Age of
Exploration
New Spain
Chapter 3, Lesson 5
Vocabulary
• colony – an area of land ruled by another
country
• mission – religious community where priests
taught Christianity
• convert – to change religion or beliefs
• hacienda – a large farm or ranch, often with
its own village and church
• revolt – a violent uprising against a ruler
New Spain Grows
• By 1535, the Spanish government controlled the
former Aztec empire in Mexico. They made it a
colony called New Spain.
• New Spain grew larger as more settlers, priests,
and soldiers arrived.
• From the 1500s to the 1700s, the Spanish settled
in Florida, New Mexico, Texas, and California.
They gave Spanish names to settlements
throughout the Southwest and Florida.
• St. Augustine in Florida is the oldest city in the
United States built by Europeans.
New Spain Grows
Life in New Spain
• Because New Spain had good soil, many
settlers built haciendas.
• The Spanish hacienda owners forced American
Indians to farm the land. Often they were
cheated out of their pay and many died from
overwork in Spanish fields and mines.
• The Spanish also brought many enslaved
Africans and forced them to work on the sugar
plantations in Spain’s Caribbean colonies.
Life in New Spain
• Spain’s rulers sent priests with the explorers to
spread Christianity. Spanish explorers and
priests traveled all over the American
Southwest and started new settlements called
missions.
• Priests at Spanish missions wanted to convert
American Indians to Roman Catholicism.
• Some American Indians moved into missions
and adopted the Spanish way of life.
Leadership in New Spain
• Junípero Serra was a priest
and explorer who helped
find 9 missions along the
coast of California. He
believed he was serving his
God by converting
thousands of Indians to the
Christian faith.
Leadership in New Spain
• Bartolomé de las Casas was a
priest that believed that
colonists and Indians should
live as equals. He devoted his
life to improving the lives of
Indian workers. In 1542, he
wrote a book about the brutal
treatment of Indians.
Leadership in New Spain
• Popé was a religious leader of
the Pueblo Indians. In 1680, he
led a revolt against the Spanish
in New Mexico. He and his
followers burned churches and
attacked haciendas and
missions. They successfully
drove out the Spanish until 1692
when they returned and
conquered them again.
Why It Matters…
• The growth of New Spain spread
Spanish language and customs
throughout the southern United
States.