Transcript Tuesday- Warm-up

In the 16th century, anger and
frustration at the Catholic
Church, combined with the
spread of attractive new ideas,
caused many Europeans to break
away from the Catholic Church
and, establish a new form of
Christianity – Protestantism
 Distrust in the Church because of the Black Death
 Anger at indulgences (the act of paying money to the Church to have





a sin forgiven)
Anger at corruption (improper use of money) by many leaders in the
Church
Stronger monarchies made the Church less important
Scientific discoveries during the Scientific Revolution challenged
the teachings and power of the Church
Invention of the printing press allowed new ideas to spread much
more quickly
Increase in literacy during the Renaissance allowed people to read
arguments against the Church
 In response, people
began to protest the
Catholic Church
 The movement to reform
(change in order to
improve) the Catholic
Church was known as the
Protestant Reformation
Above, people burn documents of the Catholic
Church to show their protest
 The most famous Protestant leader was Martin Luther
 In 1517, he posted his 95 Theses (a list of what he
thought was wrong with the Catholic Church) on the
door of a Catholic Church in Wittenburg, Germany
 He also translated The Bible into German(language of
the commoner)
 Luther criticized:
 Indulgences
 The power of the Pope
 The huge wealth of the Catholic Church
 Luther’s teachings later became known as
Lutheranism(a branch of Protestantism)
 Johannes Gutenberg’s
invention of the printing press
in 1450 made it possible for
Luther to copy the 95 Theses and
spread his beliefs
 Soon, people all across Europe
were reading his ideas and
reform movements began in
many other European countries
 Another important Protestant leader was John Calvin
 Expressed his concerns about the abuses of the French
Catholic Church
 Later was forced to flee France and traveled through
both Switzerland and Italy
 1536- published Institutes of the Christian Religion
 Criticized Catholic Church
 Support Protestant Reformation
 Outlined how he felt people should worship God
 His teachings later became known as
Calvinism(branch of Protestantism
 Weakened the power of the Pope and
Catholic Church
 Strengthened the power of monarchs, who
had been arguing with the Church for a long
time over who had more power – a king or
the pope
 Caused multiple violent religious wars
between Catholics and Protestants
 Split European countries into two groups (in
general, northern European countries
became Protestant, while southern European
countries remained Catholic)
Protestant
Catholic
-Jesus offers
-Salvation is
-Jesus
salvation but
. the free gift of
lived,
was
you must
God, you
cannot earn it. crucified and work to get it.
resurrected.
-Only God can
-Popes can
forgive sins
forgive sins.
-Communion
and baptism
-Regular
-Only clergy
are very
church
make decisions
members help important
in the church.
make
decisions.
 The Council of Trent- meeting of Catholic leaders
to make changes in response to Reformation
 Most important change: NO MORE SELLING
INDULGENCES(can still have them but cannot sell
them)
 Both churches were now competing for members
 Missionaries were sent out by both churches to
find new converts
 That competition soon spread from Europe to Asia
and even the “New World” with the discovery of the
Americas