Transcript Fundus camera

Fundus camera
A non-mydriatic Topcon retinal •
camera
A fundus camera or retinal camera •
is a specialized low power
microscope with an attached camera
designed to photograph the interior
surface of the eye, including the
retina, optic disc, macula, and
posterior pole (i.e. the fundus).[1][2]
Fundus cameras are used by •
optometrists, ophthalmologists, and
trained medical professionals for
monitoring progression of a disease,
diagnosis of a disease (combined
with retinal angiography), or in
screening programs, where the
photos can be analysed later.
Optical principles
The optical design of fundus cameras is based on the principle of monocular indirect
ophthalmoscopy.[1][2] A fundus camera provides an upright, magnified view of the
fundus. A typical camera views 30 to 50 degrees of retinal area, with a magnification
of 2.5x, and allows some modification of this relationship through zoom or auxiliary
lenses from 15 degrees which provides 5x magnification to 140 degrees with a wide
angle lens which minifies the image by half.[2] The optics of a fundus camera are
similar to those of an indirect ophthalmoscope in that the observation and illumination
systems follow dissimilar paths. The observation light is focused via a series of lenses
through a doughnut shaped aperture, which then passes through a central aperture
to form an annulus, before passing through the camera objective lens and through
the cornea onto the retina.[3] The light reflected from the retina passes through the
un-illuminated hole in the doughnut formed by the illumination system. As the light
paths of the two systems are independent, there are minimal reflections of the light
source captured in the formed image. The image forming rays continue towards the
low powered telescopic eyepiece. When the button is pressed to take a picture, a
mirror interrupts the path of the illumination system allow the light from the flash bulb
to pass into the eye. Simultaneously, a mirror falls in front of the observation
telescope, which redirects the light onto the capturing medium, whether it is film or a
digital CCD. Because of the eye’s tendency to accommodate while looking though a
telescope, it is imperative that the exiting vergence is parallel in order for an in focus
image to be formed on the capturing medium.
Since the instruments are complex in design and difficult to manufacture to clinical
standards, only a few manufacturers exist: Topcon, Zeiss, Canon, Nidek, and Kowa
Applications
Practical instruments for fundus photography perform the following
modes of examination:
Color, where the retina is illuminated by white light and examined in full
color.
Red-free, where the imaging light is filtered to remove red colors,
improving contrast of vessels and other structures.
Angiography, where the vessels are brought into high contrast by
intravenous injection of a fluorescent dye. The retina is illuminated
with an excitation color which fluoresces light of another color where
the dye is present. By filtering to exclude the excitation color and
pass the fluorescent color, a very high-contrast image of the vessels
is produced. Shooting a timed sequence of photographs of the
progression of the dye into the vessels reveals the flow dynamics
and related pathologies. Specific methods include sodium
fluorescein angiography (abbreviated FA or FAG) and indocyanine
green (abbreviated ICG) angiography.
Gallery
A close-up of the controls of a Topcon •
retinal camera
Canon CX-1 Myd/NonMyd 15.1 MP Digital Retinal Imaging System for
Color, Red-Free, Cobalt, FA and Auto Fluorescent Retinal Photography
Canon CR-1 Mark II Non-Mydriatic 45-degree (with 2X) , Canon CF-1 Mydriatic 50-degree (with 2X) and Canon
CX-1 Myd-NonMyd 50/45 degree Digital Retinal Imaging Systems can be customized to include an instrument
table, computer, database software, networking and printing capability. System components can be customized to
fit your pre-test or exam lane area. Slit-lamp imaging systems are also offered which consist of the digital camera
back, slit-lamp adapters, computer and database software and networking solutions.
Ask about the 3 year warranty limited time offer on Canon Retinal cameras!
Ask about our ADA (Section 44) Wheelchair Accessible Motorized Instrument Tables!
Ask about the Canon Financial 6 month 0% Same as Cash Lease program limited time offer!
Section 179 of Federal Tax Code could allow up to $135,000 of capital expenditures to be deducted in 2010.
Check with your Accountant.
Image AMD, Glaucoma, Diabetic Retinopathy, Nevus and other retinal pathologies for annual comparative
analysis!
Change patient fixation to image fields - nasal, temporal, superior and inferior.
Stereo imaging technique is easily learned to obtain 3-D images of Optic Disc or Macula!
Anterior Segment Imaging is easily obtained using Retinal camera!
Call to request an on-site demonstration - serious buyers call now!
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Slit Lamp Imaging
Testimonials = Superior design
and quality
"Image transfer time from camera to computer is a split second
using the new EOS Series cameras with USB 2.0 output".
"There are two equally important skills needed to interpret retinal
images accurately. The first is to see what is there. The second
is to not see what is not there. Our patients trust us to care for
them correctly and Canon makes it possible."
"The Canon design was so intuitive that training screeners could
be done with a minimum of effort."
"For patients that are young and have no retinal pathology, the
camera can image the concave surface that surrounds the
foveola known as the "umbo", the central pit of the fovea. It is
the internal limiting membrane that appears as a "very" small
halo right at the center of the fovea." This is "not" artifact!
Canon Non-Mydriatic Camera
Development
Canon's optical technology capability led to the
development of the World's First Non-Mydriatic
Retinal camera for mass screening of adult
diseases such as Diabetic Retinopathy,
Glaucoma and Macular Degeneration. Today,
Canon offers it's 10th generation camera system
- the Canon 45-degree Non-Mydriatic Digital
Retinal Camera system using Canon's EOS
Series Digital Cameras.
Advanced Digital Imaging, Quick
access to images and Upgradable
Once images have been captured, they are transferred
to a connected PC for observation. Using the
imaging software, you’ll be able to check ocular
conditions right away, or take another shot when
necessary (for example if the examinee blinked).
The Canon Retinal camera produces images that are
ideal for diverse applications, including
telemedicine, PC-based video conferencing,
electronic filing, and remote storage. A Canon digital
camera can be easily attached/detached without an
adapter. Owners of previous film based model
cameras (Canon CR-6) can upgrade to a digital
system by contacting us for more details.
Superior Image quality
Canon technology provides the level of image quality
that’s essential for diagnostic needs. Canon retinal
cameras use a combination of Canon optics
designed specifically for retinal imaging and
Canon’s renowned SLR digital (EOS) camera
technology. The EOS series incorporates the Canon
DIGIC imaging engine, creating images that are well
defined with color reproduction that is completely
natural. The large CMOS sensor has a 3:2 aspect
ratio, traditional to 35mm film, providing images that
are luminescent, life-like and incredibly rich in detail.
As a result, you can capture extremely refined
images of the retina for detecting or monitoring
Diabetes, Glaucoma and other serious conditions
Digital Speed, Digital Versatility,
Software
From easy alignment to digital capture, the
Canon Retinal camera has all the features needed to
boost eye exam efficiency. Images can be checked
just moments after capture. Image quality is
outstanding! The software features an easy-to-use
windows format with drop-down menus allowing
access to many functions including side-by-side and
multi-image comparison, zooming, 2X cursor image
magnifier, red/green/blue color image, stereo, e-mail,
export, printing, archiving, networkable platform,
export to EMR software and many more diagnostic
tools
User-Friendly Operation, Easy
Alignment & Focusing
Preparing for image capture is remarkably
simple, thanks to a two-step procedure. First,
you align the split pupil image with the
operation lever. Then you switch to the
retinal display to adjust the split lines and
working distance dots. This system makes it
easy to obtain the correct distance to the
retina, ensuring sharp images with
practically every shot! Shifting the joystick to
perform sequential imaging for stereo
photography is attainable
Fixation target & Reduced
illumination
Eye fixation is simplified by a user-friendly
internal fixation target. The target is
controlled with a button on the operation
panel, allowing you to induce movement with
one hand while adjusting focus with the
other. The Canon Retinal camera needs only
a small amount of light to capture clear
images, so examinees won’t be discomforted
by brightness. Required illumination is 90%
less than instant photography and 75% less
than with film photography.
Edge-to-edge detail = Confidence in detecting
pathology - With an entire image that’s sharp
and clear, you get improved diagnostic
insights.
Magnification without pixelation = Superior
image quality - Because our cameras create
images using individual pixels versus
clumps of pixels, they retain high resolution
even as the image is magnified. As a result,
Canon technology lets you see what can’t be
seen with other cameras.
Alignment and focusing tools = Reduced
training costs – Our powerful but easy-to-use
technology lets even inexperienced
technicians take perfect pictures every time.
Reduced illumination = Increased patient
comfort – Only a small amount of light
is needed for image capture, so your
patient isn’t discomforted by
brightness.
The Total solution = Efficient servicing –
As the only company to offer both the
fundus and camera back, Canon covers
the whole picture. And the camera back
can be upgraded anytime.
Image Anywhere
Canon is continually advancing imaging
science. Building on a long legacy of
advanced breakthroughs and industry
leadership, we provide innovative
technologies expressly designed to
help you improve patient outcomes
throughout their healing process.
That’s our commitment. That’s Canon
inSight. And you’ll see it in everything
we do.
Intraretinal Hemorrhage
Mild NPDR
HTN retinopathy with AV nicking and mild vascular tortuosity
Picture artifact. Large optic cup Prominent foveal reflex
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Hypertensive retinopathy with Arteriolar attenuation.
Increased arterial reflex. AV nicking.
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Myopic degeneration with PPA and macular Chorioretinal a
Proliferative retionpathy with regressed NVD. Previous PRP
Tigroid Fundus. Large optic cup
Proliferative retinopathy with previous PRP
Nonexudative AMD with Drusen and RPE dropout
Diabetic retinopathy with microaneurysms with macular exud
Subfoveal CNVM with surrounding subretinal hemorrhage and exudate
Vitreous haze. Fleck Retinopathy
Advanced AMD with Geographic Atrophy involving fovea
chorioretinal scar with fibrovascular stalk
secondary to focal chorioretinitis
AMD with Mild intermediate drusen
POHS with regressed macular CNVM, PPA, and
punched out CR scar
Myopic Degeneration
AMD with severe large drusen
Flat choroidal Nevus adjacent to optic nerve
Diabetic retinopathy with Macular exudates at foveal edge, with
possible CSME
Conjunctival nevus
Diabetic retinopathy with Macular exudates
POHS regressed macular
CNVM with, PPA, and
punched out CR scar