Transcript RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Highlights of IH Programs
and OSHA Standards
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
INTRODUCTION
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Hazard Communication
Hearing Conservation
Personal Protective Equipment
Respiratory Protection
Heat Stress
Cold Stress
Confined Spaces
Ergonomics
Radiation
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
INTRODUCTION
• You should already be very familiar with
the specific requirements of the OSHA
standards.
• This presentation highlights programs as
they relate to potential employee
exposures to environmental stressors.
• It does not cover all aspects of each
standard.
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HAZARD COMUNICATION
The OSHA Standard was written to ensure that employers and
employees know about work hazards and how to protect
themselves so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due
to hazardous chemicals is reduced.
Hazard
Communication
Program
Container
Labeling
Material Safety
Data Sheet
MSDS
Program
Label
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HAZARD COMUNICATION
• How can workplace exposures
be minimized?
– Perform a thorough hazard
assessment
– Be informed about the hazards
of the chemicals you use
– This information is obtained from
MSDSs and labels
• Communication of hazards to
others in area
– Hazards
– Detecting exposures, symptoms
– Protective measures
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HAZARD COMUNICATION
• Ensure containers are
labeled properly.
– Each container of hazardous
chemicals must be labeled
or marked with:
• Identity of the chemical
• Appropriate hazard warnings
• Name and address of the
responsible party
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HAZARD COMUNICATION
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
• Prepared by the chemical manufacturer
or importer describes:
– Physical hazards, such as fire and
explosion
– Health hazards, such as signs of exposure
– Routes of exposure
– Precautions for safe handling and use
– Emergency and first-aid procedures
– Control measures
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HAZARD COMUNICATION
• MSDS provides information about the:
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Physical and chemical characteristics
Health effects
Exposure limits
Carcinogenicity (cancer-causing)
Identification (name, address, and telephone number)
of the organization responsible for preparing the
sheet
• Must be readily accessible to employees in their
work area
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
Whether a noise is harmful will depend on its intensity,
which is measured in decibels.
Irritating
Quietest
Quiet
perceivable bedroom
sound
0
10
20
30
Injurious
Pain
Threshold
Normal
Traffic
conversation
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Lawn Mowing
50
60
70
80
90
Grinding
10
100 110 120
130 decibels
Chain Sawing
3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
When noise exposures equal or exceed 85
dBA (as an 8-hour TWA), a hearing
conservation program must be
implemented.
Hearing
Conservation
Program
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Noise exposure monitoring
Audiometric testing
Hearing protection
Employee training
Recordkeeping
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
• Types of Hearing Loss
– Conductive
– Sensorineural
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
• Conductive
– Not caused by noise exposure
– Disorder in the external or middle ear that
prevents sound from reaching the inner ear
• e.g. wax in ear, infection, etc.
– Inner ear intact
– Non-occupational
– Reversible
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
• Sensorineural
– Poor transmission of sound by bone or nerve
pathways
– Damage to the cochlea and/or auditory nerve
– Deep structures of the ear are damaged
– Induced by occupational noise
– Not reversible
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
Noise can cause other effects on the body in
addition to hearing loss.
Increased
blood pressure
Heart
palpitations
Increased
pulse rate
Nervousness
Permit
Other
Health
Condition
Effects
s
Decreased
concentration
Decreased
coordination
Digestive
problems
Fatigue
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING CONSERVATION
There are two sound measuring instruments
typically used for noise monitoring.
Area Sampling
Personal Sampling
Sound Level
Meters
Noise
Dosimeters
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
RESTRICTED AREAS
Tool
Noise level will probably
exceed…
Air gun
108
Air hammer
110
Air track drill
110
Asphalt grinder
111
Backhoe
85
Belt sander
90
Bored piledriver using auger (at 15 m)- the acoustical conditions
of measurement were not reported
81
Brick saw
94
Bulldozer
87
Chipper, pneumatic
100
Chipping gun
96
Chopsaw
92
Circular saw
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING PROTECTION
• Earmuffs
• Ear Plugs
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING PROTECTION
• Noise Reduction Rating (NRR)
• A rating that is assigned to specific
personal hearing protection that gives an
estimated reduction when the protection
is worn properly.
• Only valid if HP worn correctly
NO
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
HEARING PROTECTION
There are four methods for determining the adequacy
of hearing protection. The most common is:
Manufacturer’s Noise Reduction
Rating = 25 dBA
Employee’s Exposure = 100 dBA
(8-hour TWA)
Will not work
Attenuation = 100 dBA - (25 dBA - 7dBA)/2 = 91 dBA
Attenuation calculated using OSHA method
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Basic Principles:
– Must protect response
personnel from exposure
– Must know what chemicals are
involved in exposure
– Must know general
concentration of exposure
– Must select appropriate PPE
materials
– Must know limitations
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Selection and Use
– Prepare ahead of
time!
– There is not one
material that protects
against all chemicals!
– Protect eyes, head,
face, hands, body,
feet
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Consider performance requirements when
selecting:
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Aging resistance
Chemical resistance
Cleanability
Color
Comfort
Durability
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Flexibility
Strength
Size
Service Life
Thermal Limits
3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Chemical Resistance
Permeation
Degradation
Penetration
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Permeation
– Diffusion of chemicals
through intact material
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Degradation
– A loss or change in one or more physical
properties of a protective clothing material
due to contact with a chemical
– A chemical process
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Penetration
– The flow of a chemical through closures,
porous materials, seams and pinholes or
other imperfections in a protective clothing
material on a non-molecular level
– A physical process
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Must know the type of
chemical you are up against,
as chemicals will “break
through” incompatible
materials.
• Breakthrough times (min.) are
the times observed from the
start of the test to first
detection of the chemical on
the other side of the sample
material.
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3140 Finley Road
Downers Grove, IL 60515
630.795.3200