Transcript How are aquatic biomes categorized?

How are aquatic biomes categorized?
1) Salinity
2) Depth
3) Waterflow
Types of aquatic organisms:
Plankton-Surface floaters
Surface floating, primary
producers
Primary consumers
Nekton: Free swimming
Benthos: Bottom Dwellers
Caspian Sea,
Asia
Lake
Tanganyika,
Africa
Lake Baikal,
Asia
How do lakes form?
Lakes form as surface water runoff, groundwater and rainfall collect in Earth’s
natural depressions on its surface or it falls into man made reservoirs.
Structure of a Lake
Littoral Zone: Shallow area, algae grows, rooted plants, turtles, frogs etc.
NUTRIENT RICH
PHOTOSYNTHESIS OCCURS HERE-Most productive zone
LOTS OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
Limnetic Zone: no rooted plants, LOTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC
ZOOPLANKTON AND PHYTOPLANKTON (lots of producers for food chaincreates a lot of DISSOLVED OXYGEN). Extends as long as sunlight can
penetrate
Profundal zone: NO SUN, NO PRODUCERS. LOTS OF DECOMPOSING
BACTERIA which consume D.O. in the process of decomposition. LOW in
D.O.
Benthic zone: bottom. Decomposers feed on organic matter that makes its
way down
Overturns: upwelling of nutrients to the top  dissolved oxygen to the bottom
Types of productivity to classify lakes
Oligotrophic-newly formed lake-low nutrients, low
productivity
Mesotrophic- in between
Eutrophic-extremely high nutrients, high productivity
(lots of plants, algae growth), more bacteria
(decomposers) and that decreases D.O.
Wetlands
●Water at or near the surface for some time→ shallow
enough to support plant life
●Characteristics: High Net Primary Productivity (lots of
photosynthesis), high biodiversity
●Dubbed “Nature’s Kidneys”
●Environmental services provided:
●Natural recharge to groundwater
●Habitat space
●Nursery shelter
●Filtering toxins
●Reducing floods and erosion
Human impacts on wetlands:
1) Pollution
2) Cleared for farming, residential or
commercial development
Rivers may originate
from underwater
springs
(Nissequogue) or
runoff from snow or
rain
Congo River,
Africa
Amazon River,
South America
End Day 1
Yangtze
River, China
HW: Finish Life in the Ocean
Article and Questions
Do Now:
1) Take out HW from last night.
2) Draw a picture of the layers of
the open ocean and label:
-intertidal zone
-continental shelf
-bathyal zone
-abyssal zone
-euphotic zone
http://youtu.be/0VLhQTWRqr4
8. Oceans
●Because water absorbs light,
sunlight that is usable by plants
for photosynthesis penetrates
only about 100 m into the ocean.
Coastal Zones – Characteristics
●Located - from high tide mark to the
edge of the continental shelf.
●Nutrient rich warm water
●High productivity
●90% of all marine species
Intertidal zone
●Living in the tide
●It’s the area of the shoreline
between high and low tide.
Deals with changes in NaCl levels
and temperature extremes.
●Urchins, kelp, mussels, sea star
●A Barrier island is a long ridge of
sand or narrow island that lies
parallel to the shore and helps
protect the mainland.
●Fire Island, A.C., Palm Beach
●Corals live only in clear, warm salt
water where there is enough light
for photosynthesis.
Coral Reefs
●Coral reefs are limestone ridges
found in tropical climates and
composed of coral fragments
that are deposited around
organic remains.
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=47vGQh4BGKM
Coral Reefs are in Danger of Being Lost
●If the water surrounding a reef is
too hot or too cold or if fresh
water drains into the water
surrounding a reef, the corals
may die.
●If the water is too muddy,
polluted, or too high in nutrients,
the algae that live within the
corals will either die or grow out
of control. This may kill the corals.
Importance of Coral Reefs
●PROTECTION TO COASTLINES
●ECONOMIC RESOURCES
●BIODIVERSITY
●NATURAL BEAUTY
D.O. and Nutrients in the Ocean
Concentration of nutrients in open ocean much less than
that of soil
Oceans do contribute a decent amount to overall net
primary productivity
D.O.-VARIES!
In areas where there is a lot of phytoplankton and
primary producers, there will be D.O.
At the bottom of the ocean there IS D.O.
DEPLETING THE WATER-60MINS
http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/depleting-the-water/
Life in the Ocean article-
Read and answer the questions.
Finish for HW
HW: Study for exam tomorrow-Ch. 5, 6.
Watch-Depleting the Waters-CBS 60
minutes (14mins)
Exam topics:
1) Terrestrial biomes characteristics (notes from presentations)
2) How to read a climograph
3) Air circulation notes (reason for seasons, winds-look at chapter diagrams)
4) Aquatic Biomes: Freshwater notes (zones of lakes, classification of lakes,
nutrient, dissolved oxygen locations, ecological benefits. Types of marine organisms
5)Marine HW questions-coral reefs, estuaries (ecological benefits), open ocean
productivity, open ocean layers
Do Now: Take out Life in the Ocean questions (to be
checked)
Agenda:
1) Go over some questions
2) Planet Earth: Oceans Video clip
Planet Earth: Deep Ocean
https://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KLqIAgXGtUaykARbr7w8QF;_ylu=X3o
DMTBza2VqYWU4BHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDdmlkBHZ0aWQDBGdwb3MDMTQ?p=Planet+Earth+oceans&vid=b7fe4d5f7526d5bb3391a38226e6fb2a&l=48%3A10&turl=h
ttp%3A%2F%2Fts2.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DVN.608028036439934029%26pid%3D
15.1&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymotion.com%2Fvideo%2Fx1d0pge_bbc-planetearth-11-of-11-ocean-deep_tv&tit=BBC-+Planet+Earth+-+11+Of+11++Ocean+Deep&c=3&sigr=12gpo1ioc&sigt=119rfb5vr&age=0&hsimp=yhs002&hspart=btbar&tt=b
Multiple Choice
1. Organisms living in coastal areas must adapt
to what changes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
water level and degree of salinity
water level and amount of sunlight
temperature and availability of oxygen
temperature and availability of nutrients
Multiple Choice
1. Organisms living in coastal areas must adapt
to what changes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
water level and degree of salinity
water level and amount of sunlight
temperature and availability of oxygen
temperature and availability of nutrients
Multiple Choice, continued
2. Oil spills, sewage, pesticides, and silt runoff
have been linked to the widespread
destruction of what kind of marine
ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
coastal wetlands
coral reefs
mangrove swamps
salt marshes
Multiple Choice, continued
2. Oil spills, sewage, pesticides, and silt runoff
have been linked to the widespread
destruction of what kind of marine
ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
coastal wetlands
coral reefs
mangrove swamps
salt marshes
Multiple Choice, continued
3.Which of the following correctly lists
types of organisms in aquatic ecosystems
from shallowest to deepest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
plankton, nekton, benthos
plankton, benthos, nekton
benthos, plankton, nekton
benthos, nekton, plankton
Multiple Choice, continued
3.Which of the following correctly lists
types of organisms in aquatic ecosystems
from shallowest to deepest?
A.
B.
C.
D.
plankton, nekton, benthos
plankton, benthos, nekton
benthos, plankton, nekton
benthos, nekton, plankton
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the difference between swamps and
marshes?
A. Marshes attract birds, swamps attract
amphibians.
B. Marshes are freshwater, swamps are saltwater.
C. Marshes contain non-woody plants, swamps
contain woody plants.
D. Marshes are mostly in the southeast U.S.,
swamps in the northeast U.S.
Multiple Choice, continued
4. What is the difference between swamps and
marshes?
A. Marshes attract birds, swamps attract
amphibians.
B. Marshes are freshwater, swamps are saltwater.
C. Marshes contain non-woody plants, swamps
contain woody plants.
D. Marshes are mostly in the southeast U.S.,
swamps in the northeast U.S.
Multiple Choice, continued
5.Which of the following would be
considered among the most productive
of ecosystems?
A.
B.
C.
D.
barrier island
estuary
river
salt marsh
Multiple Choice, continued
5.Which of the following would be
considered among the most productive
of ecosystems?
A.
B.
C.
D.
barrier island
estuary
river
salt marsh