Transcript Chapter 18 Between Two Fires

November 8, 2013
• Bell work: Pick up worksheet-KelloggBriand Pact, 1928. Read and answer
questions on back.
• Also, copy CRASH acronym from the
board.
April 1, 2014
• Today is test day! Take a few minutes to
study!
• Get a set of flashcards from my desk and
partner with someone and quiz each other.
• When you are done please put them back
in my basket!
• After test you will do Chapter 18
vocab...use World History book page 546.
• You will turn this in when finished.
November 26, 2013
• Place phones in box on TV
cart.
• We will be watching Pearl Harbor today.
• This is for a grade…if you fall asleep you
get a zero for a grade.
November 14, 2013
• Put phones in box on TV cart
• Study for Chapter 18 test.
• After test you will do Chapter 19/20 vocab
(WWII) using the American Republic book.
• Starts on page 584
November 13, 2013
• Put phones in box on TV stand.
• Pick up study guide from back
table…begin working on this.
• America the Story of Us video-WWII
Chapter 18
Between Two Fires
Section 2
p. 552-556
U.S. & League of Nations
• President W. Wilson wanted the US to
assume a greater role in world affairs
• Americans weary of war and foreign
entanglements
• Wilson thought it was the cornerstone of
lasting peace
Unemployment in the U.S.
• Workers did not see wages rises as fast
as production of goods
• 1930, stock market crashed- Great
Depression
• By 1933, more than 13 million Americans,
¼ of the nation’s workforce
New Deal
• Newly elected President Franklin D.
Roosevelt (FDR), believed the federal
government had to aid the stricken
economy and provide relief for the
unemployed
• Put people back to work- building roads,
dams, bridges, homes and parks
• Social Security & unemployment
insurance provided
Kellogg-Briand Pact
• U.S. took steps to prevent a future war
• International conference U.S. signed treaty
with Japan & Great Britain limiting naval
ships
• 1928, denounced war as a means of
settling disputes
Dust Bowl
Economic effects of Great Britain
• Lost position as a leading economic power
in the world
• Borrowed from U. S.
• American & Japanese captured British
overseas markets because factories were
old and outdated
• Factories closed, by 1921, 2 million out of
work
General Strike
• 1926, coal miners on strike for higher
wages
• May 4th, transport workers, dockers, public
utility employees, and workers in building
trades walked off jobs
• December, 1926 coal strike ended
Commonwealth of Nations
• Great Britain held onto most of its empire
• 1931, Parliament passed Statute of West
minister establishing voluntary association
linking Great Britain and its former
colonies on equal basis
Popular Front
• 1934, Fascist groups rioted in Paris-kill
several people
• Communists appealed to leaders of the
Socialist party
• Leon Blum-Socialist leader, becomes
Prime Minister.
• Popular front in power for one year.
France & future wars
• Did not want another war
• Supported League of Nations
• Tried to create alliances to contain
Germany
• Signed the Locarno Treaties with
Germany, Italy, Belgium, and Great Britain
to assure lasting peace
Maginot Line
• Added insurance against future German
invasion
• 200 miles long stretch of concrete bunkers
and trenches between France and
Germany
• Belgium undefended
The Maginot Line
Fascist Dictatorships
Section 3,
Pages 557-562
November 11, 2013
• Grab worksheet from back table “How did
Hitler come to power?”
• Read article and answer questions on
back.
• You will also do the activity on the bottom
of the sheet…a propaganda poster!
• Crayons and markers will be out for you to
color.
Fascism philosophy
• Formed by Mussolini
• Glorification of the state, single party
system with strong ruler, & aggressive
form of nationalism
• Gave state absolute authority
• Defended private property, some gov.
regulation, & class structure
• Nation’s cause at all cost, even in war
II Duce “The Leader”
• Italy slipped into hard time- lira declined,
price of bread rose, shortage of coal
• Mussolini offered to “please everyone”
• Blackshirts, Mussolini’s followers
• King of Italy named Mussolini prime
minister, & ended democratic rule
• Fascists used brutal tactics to win political
advantage, Mussolini called himself ?
Italian Support for Mussolini
• Mussolini established a corporate state in
Italy
• Fascists arrested, assaulted, & murdered
anyone who speaks against them
• Majority supported Mussolini, prevented
Communist revolution
• Rekindled feelings of patriotism &
nationalism
Weimar Republic
• Treaty of Versailles limited size of
Germany military & required formation of
democratic government
• 1919 to 1933 Germany had a democratic
republic
• 1920 nationalist army tried a coup detat
• Germany must pay reparations $35 B
Brownshirts
• Hitler formed with young veterans & street
thugs
• Hitler went to prison, wrote a book on how
he blamed Jews & Communist for German
defeat
• Forced German voters to back Nazi party
• Hitler suspicious had 100’s killed or shot
1930, Nazis in Germany/ Reichstag
• Won a large number of seats in the
multiparty called Reichstag
• Hitler backed by politicians & became
chancellor
• Reichstag –legislative lower house
• Depression/Hunger continued
• Reichstag-voted for Hitler to deal with
Communist threat—Nazi Gov. took over!
Nuremberg Law
• Stripped Jews of citizenship & right to hold
public office, students could NOT go to
school & Jewish businesses destroyed
• Jews arrested, shot, or sent to
concentration camps
• Jewish KRISTALLNACHT
refugeeHerschel
Grynszpan
• Hitler’s
response
• Problems did
not end at
7,500 businesses
180 synagogues
90 Jews killed
Hundreds injured
Thousands terrorized
Third Reich
• Hitler called “der fuhrer” The Leader
• Called his government “Third Reich”
• Should last 1000 years, must restore
Germany’s military, ignoring what treaty?
• Flooded Germany with propaganda to
stress importance of military & devotion to
the nation & leader
• Ages 6 to 18 molded to accept Nazi ideas
Hitler and Art
• Brought all intellectual and artistic activity
in Germany under his control.
• Imposed new ideas for art
• Germany’s most talented artists flee
Germany
• Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, Walter
Gropious, and Arnold Schoenberg.
• Hitler uses Propaganda praising Nazi
cause.
November 12, 2013
• Place your phones in the box on my TV
cart.
• Bell work: Chapter 18 graphic organizer.
• Use your book and notes to do this
activity.
The Soviet Union
Pages 564-567
New Economic Policy
• NEP- Major industries under government
control
• Some private business remained privately
owned
• Lenin announced this plan
Lenin vs Marx
• Marx- classless society
• Lenin- pyramid with party boss at top and
peasants on the bottom
• 1922 communists changed name from
Russia to USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics)
Trotsky & Stalin
• Trotsky- permanent revolution, believed
when uprising happened all over the world
would Socialists build an ideal society
• Stalin-“build socialism in a single country”,
Soviet Union should concentrate on
growing strong first
Comintern
• Communist International, organization of
Communist parties from all over the world
• Goal was for other countries to overthrow
governments by legal or illegal means
• Stalin dissolved this in 1943 to win
approval of Western Allies during WWII
Five Year Plan
• Stalin put in place, demanding sacrifices
from the Soviet Union people
• Concentrated on building heavy industry
• Was a success, spur industry
• Transformed Soviet Union into an
industrial power. Was third largest in the
world.
Stalin & opponents
• Brutal dictatorships- encouraged workers
to spy on each other & children on their
parents
• Assassinated high party officials, turned
on old Bolsheviks because they were
associated with Trotsky
• PURGE-remove anyone who threatened
his leadership
• Used psychological torture to break the
will of people
Stalin & The Arts
• Promoted new literary style
• Writers & artists created a “new reality”
showing Soviet heroes & achievements
while nothing mentioned about terror
• Anyone who violated this faced exile or
imprisonment