Transcript Slide 1
Major Tech. Achievements • The Computer • The Assembly line • Air Transportation Computer Names • • • • • • • • • Vitruvius Benedictine and Cistercian Abbeys Gutenberg Aldus Manutius Bouchon Vaucanson Jacquard Charles Babbage Herman Hollerith Computer Connections • • • • • • • Hellenistic gearing mechanisms Fall of Rome Medieval Industrial Rev. 900-1400AD 1098 began Cistercian abbeys Horizontal loom Champagne Fairs Spinning Wheel Comp. Connections cont. • • • • • • • The “Little Ice Age” Linen underwear Inexpensive paper Printing Press 18th Century programmable loom. Jacquard Loom 1800 AD 1890 Census - H. Hollerith Assembly Line Names • • • • • • • • • • • Caliph, Al Mansur Bukhtu Yishu Gerard of Cremona Hans Lippershey Galileo Huygen John Hadley Huntsman Jesse Ramsden Maudslay Eli Whitney and the Gilbreths • • • • • • • • • • • Assembly line Connections Astrology Star Tables Water Alarm Clock Verge and Folliot clock 1450 AD portable clocks The Looker Pendulum clock Sextant Huntsman Steel Dividing Engine Maudslay’s lathe Air Transport names • • • • • • • • • • Guericke, Papin, Savery and Newcomen James Watt Wilkinson Joseph Priestly Volta Drake Nicolaus Otto Maybach Daimler Wilhelm Kress Air Transport Connections • • • • • • • • • • • The Little Ice Age The Chimney 1564 shortage of Copper 1615 Acute timber crises 1707 Coke Iron tech. 1705 Newcomen Engine 1769 Watts Steam Engine 1775 Wilkinson precision cylinders Volta’s pistol Fossil fuels Maybach’s carburetor Readings • • • • • • • • • • Dazzled by the Light Holiday’s Deadly Souvenir The Development of the Computer Binary numbers Precision and Accuracy Are nuclear flasks safe to fly? Harnessing steam Taking the long way home Making nuclear power usable again Chernobyl 10 years later When Science and Beliefs Collide • A large growing share of population rejects aspects of science. • Science only explains the physical world through experimental fact. It can not tell you the meaning of life or how to handle bereavement or guilt. Seductive Propaganda • Scientism – a belief that science is or can be the complete and only explanation. Science on trial • Scientists strive to discover and accurately describe the truth about natural phenomena. • Courts do not hold truth or accuracy as their ultimate end. • Courts simply seek justice and must decide cases when they are presented. Know These • W. Kress, Newcommen, Watt, Hollerith, Savery, Galileo, Jacquard, J. Hadley, Maudslay, Gilbreths, N. Otto • Binary to base 10 & visa-versa • Weaving advances • Major connections • Petroleum, Coal, Coke • Looker • Sextant Know these • • • • • • • 4-stroke engine Interchangeable parts Longitude problem Champagne Fairs Causes of Bubonic Plague Bronze and Brass alloys Precision and accuracy What you should know • How does a water wheel work. What was it used for during medieval times? P89 • What do the cam and gears do? P86-89 • Technically, how did the horizontal loom differ from the old vertical loom? 93-94 • Explain the connection between colder weather and paper production. • How did moveable type and the printing press work? 101-103 • Weaving advances during 11th, 13th & 18th Century What you should know • How did the printing press affect communication and spread of knowledge. 104-106 • Explain the geneses of the Jacquard Loom and its connection to the 1890 US census. 111-113 • Conversion of decimal to binary and visaversa. • What were “fulling mills.” P89 • How was the “black death” spread, and where is the pasteurella pestis bacteria now? What you should know • Differentiate between astronomy and astrology. • Why 12 months in the year and 12 hours each day and night. • Differentiate between accuracy and precision. • Operation of water alarm clock, mechanical clock, portable clock and pendulum clock. What you should know • Why did astronomers prefer the pendulum clock. • The Latin and English translation for AM and PM. • The connection between the “looker,” the sextant, and the need for more precision fabrication. • Why was le Blanc unsuccessful installing his standardized gun parts in France? Pg. 150 What you should know • How a lathe works pg. 144 • The connection between Huntsman steel (crucible steel), the lathe, tangent screw, dividing engine and the sextant. • How ships blocks work (LN). • Why the assembly line first flourished in the U.S., not in Europe. What you should know • How the American System of Manufacturing affected U.S. citizens and military (149-151). • How far are you from home port if at high noon the time at home port is 2:15PM? Are you East or West of home port? • Describe the construction of Dolland’s achromatic lens pg. 141 • Corrective lenses 1300, the “Looker” 1608, why did it take 300 years for this? pg. 134-5 What you should know • The four strokes of the 4-stroke engine. • The Venturi principle. • The connection between volta’s pistol and the carburetor. • Difference between coal and coke. • The operation of Necommen’s & Watt’s engines. What you should know • What is an alloy • What is bronze and brass. How are they different. • What is one radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl accident. • Difference between aerobic and anerobic processes. • How is crucible steel made. What is its connection to glass making? What you should know • Differentiate between coal, petroleum and natural gas. Longitude and Latitude • Longitude lines are the vertical lines • Latitude lines are the horizontal lines. • The longitude of South tip of Africa is approx. 20 E longitude • S. tip of S. America is approx. 75 W longitude