Transcript Middle East Exam Study Guidex

Most of the Middle East’s cities
are located near what?
Rivers or bodies of water
Who makes the rules in an
autocracy?
The ruler (King) or dictator
Why did the U.S. go to war in
Iraq in 2003?
The ruler (King) or dictator
Which river is shared by Syria,
Israel, and Jordan?
Jordan River
A person who takes a risk in
starting a new business is an
_____, and they are most likely
found in which economic
system?
Entrepreneur
market economy
What is Zionism?
A movement that encouraged Jews scattered around the world to return
to their homeland of Present-day Israel
What is human capital?
Knowledge and skills that make it possible for people to earn a living
providing a good or service
List the three main religions of
the Middle East.
Judaism
Christianity
Islam
How have the Israelis made
up for a lack of oil?
They have an industrialized economy because citizens migrated from
industrialized parts of Europe bringing their skills with them.
They specialize in agricultural technology and medical technology
In a command economy, how
are decisions made?
Government planning groups make decisions
Which ethnic group is the
majority in the Middle East?
Arabs
The leader in a parliamentary
system of government is the
_____.
Prime Minister
In a market economy, how are
economic decisions made?
Individuals make decisions of what, how, and for whom to produce, and
what to purchase
Persians are the majority ethnic
group in which nation?
Iran
Which industry is controlled by
Saudi Arabia?
Oil and natural gas
What is a tariff?
A tax on imported goods
How was Israel created?
The United Nations divided the land of Palestine between the Jews and
Arabs and Israel declared themselves an independent state in 1948.
Why is the Suez Canal important
for international shipping?
It allows ships to sail directly from the Middle East into Europe without
sailing around the southern tip of Africa.
Saves time and money in shipping
Which bodies of water are
connected by the Strait of
Hormuz?
Persian Gulf
Arabian Sea
What impact has oil had on the
economy of Southwest Asia?
Countries that have oil wealth usually have stronger economies than
those in the region without it; countries without oil usually struggle and
must find ways to improve economies
What was the issue behind the
Sunni and Shia split?
Who should lead Islam following the death of Muhammad.
Sunnis believed anyone capable of leading should lead.
Shia believed the leader should be related to Muhammad.
For what does the acronym
OPEC stand?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Which four countries we have
studied are the most oil-rich in
the Middle East?
Iran
Iraq
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Which bodies of water are
connected by the Suez Canal?
Red Sea
Mediterranean Sea
What role does OPEC play in the
world economy?
It decides the price and amount of oil to be placed on the world market.
Bedouins live in and around
what?
Deserts
The Five Pillars are the main
duties and responsibilities of
all_____.
Muslims
What led to the end of the
Ottoman Empire?
Could not keep up with industrialized Europe
fought on losing side during WWI
In a traditional economy, how
are decisions made?
By custom and habits of how things were done in the past; bartering for
goods rather than using currency
The Middle East has about how
much of the world’s oil supply?
More than half
The factories, tools, and
machines used to produce
goods and services are called
_____.
Capital good
or capital resources
What is a quota?
A limit on amount goods that can be imported
Most OPEC nations are located
in which region of the world?
Southwest Asia
or Middle East
What type of climate is found in
most of Southwest Asia?
Hot and dry (arid)
Large desert areas
Why do ocean winds fail to
reach part of Southwest Asia
causing it to be dry?
Mountains block the moist air; by the time the moist air rises over the
mountain it has lost all or almost all of its moisture
Canals, quanats, and water
wheels allow people to use
water for _____ (artificial
watering of crops)?
Irrigation
What is the religion of most
Kurds?
Islam (Sunni Muslims)
One thing that the Kurds have in
common is that they are fighting
for what?
Their own homeland and government
When a country refuses to trade
with another country because
of political reasons they are
using which trade barrier?
Embargo
Who has the power in an
oligarchy?
A single political party or small group of people
Why did the U.S. invade
Afghanistan in 2001?
Because of the 9-11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon in
the U.S. by al Qaeda who was believed to be in Afghanistan
Where do most Persians live
today?
Iran
What is the Israeli parliament
called?
Knesset
What is the holy book of
Judaism?
Torah
What is the religious group of
most Arabs?
Sunni Muslims
What belief distinguished the
Jewish faith from others in the
ancient world?
Believed in one God (monotheism)
What is Shariah Law?
Laws based on the Quran
Where is Shariah Law practiced?
Some Southwest Asian nations including Saudi Arabia
A government that views God as
the supreme leader and has
religious leaders serve as
government leaders is a _____.
Theocracy
A person who is forced to leave
their home during war is a
_____.
Refugee
Who are the Taliban?
A terrorist organization who held government power in Afghanistan
during the time that al Qaeda attacked the U.S. on 9-11-01.