Transcript Abraham Moses King David King Solomon

Hebrew Civilization thrived
from 1800 B.C.E. – 70 C.E.
Originally From
Mesopotamia, moved to land of
Canaan
Hebrews were founders of
Judaism
 Transformed from Hebrews
to Jews
Origins and basic laws
come from the Torah
(God’s teaching)
Torah consists of first five
books of the Christian Bible
(Old Testament)
Historians study to
understand history of
Judaism
Historians also study
artifacts left behind
According to Torah, Abraham:
ancestor of the Hebrews, lived in
Mesopotamia
1950 B.C.E. Abraham led
many to Canaan, herded
sheep & goats
1800 B.C.E. Hebrews fled
to Egypt due to a famine
Hebrews became slaves,
Moses led Hebrews out of
Egypt
After escaping Egypt, Hebrews
wandered for 40 years, return to
Canaan
1,000 B.C.E. Hebrews
set up Kingdom of
Israel
Canaan under rule of Kind
David & son, King Solomon
Solomon built a temple in
capital city Jerusalem
Abraham
Moses
King
Solomon
King David
“Father of the Hebrews”:
introduced Judaism
Based on belief of one God
(Uncommon for this era)
Torah: God told him to
move his family to Canaan
God promised to make him
the father of a blessed nation
Descendants known
as Jewish People
“Greatest Leader”: led his people out
of slavery in Egypt
Moses told Hebrews: God lead them
to Canaan for their faithful obedience
Canaan is known
as the promise land
God gave Moses 10
most important laws
Became foundation of
Jewish beliefs
Back to Canaan, ruled under Kings David
and Solomon
Jerusalem became Holy
City
King Solomon built
the first great temple.
Judaism began with a covenant
between God & Abram
God visited Abram as an old man,
told to leave his country
Mesopotamia to Canaan
At age 99, made another
covenant with God
God promised to protect Abram’s
descendants
Mark of covenant: gave a new
name, Abraham
Abraham means “father of
many”
Covenant meant: Jews would
set an example for how God
wanted people to live
God often tested Abraham’s faith
Sacrifices common of animals
God tested his faith by
sacrificing Abraham’s son
Abraham agreed, took
Isaac to sacrifice him
Stopped by an angel at last
minute
God promised again to bless
Abraham’s descendants
Hebrews flourished, nation
made of 12 tribes
Abraham introduced idea of
one God
Jews believe they should set an
example of how people should live
Moses became leader around
1250 B.C.E.
Hebrews became very
powerful and large in numbers
Pharaoh felt threatened, made
Jews be slaves
Moses with God’s strength
went to the Pharaoh to free the
Jews
 Pharaoh wouldn't free the slaves
God punished Egypt with 10 different
plagues
Locusts devoured all crops, Nile
turned into blood
Angel sent by God killed
first born son of watch
family
Pharaoh finally gave in.
Moses started to lead the
Hebrews out of Egypt
Egyptian Army caught up with
the Hebrews by Red Sea
Moses raised his stick
and the sea parted
Hebrews got across, water
came back while army tried
to cross drowning the
soldiers
10 laws, foundation of Judaism
Given to Moses at Mt. Sinai
Commandments remind
Hebrews to only worship one
God
Sabbath- seventh day of the
week to rest and worship
Basic Moral Laws
Hebrews obey
commandments to honor
covenant with God.
Had to make moral laws
known to the world
Moses: led Jews out of Egypt, still celebrated
today, brought the 10 Commandments, and
worship one God
David’s time: 1000 B.C.E.
Hebrews at war with Philistines
Philistines agreed to be Hebrews
slaves if could beat their strongest
warrior
Teenage David agreed to
fight Goliath
Goliath was
mocking God
One mighty throw, Goliath fell
David later became King due to
strength and courage
David ended wars and
united the Kingdom of Israel
New Kingdom had
government, courts, army,
David served as
nation’s chief priest
David chose Jerusalem as
capital city
Jerusalem: center of
religious and political life
Ark of the Covenant to
Israel
Ten Commandments in a
wood and gold chest
Death of David, Solomon takes over
Built temple in Jerusalem to
house the Ark of the Covenant
Hebrew people built
temple
Over 3,000 officials
needed to oversee the
project
Taxed his people a lot to pay
for gold, wood, and copper
Solomon angered the
Hebrew people
Kingdom divided near
Solomon’s death
David & Solomon’s descendants
ruled Southern Kingdom
David & Solomon laid foundation
for Jews to be governed by Kings:
400 years