Transcript TCI_Chapter_11

Hebrew Civilization:
•Developed gradually after 1800
B.C.E.
•Flourished until 70 C.E.
•Founders of Judaism
Torah:
•Sacred text
•Origins and basic laws recorded
•Translation = “God’s teaching”
•Consists of the first five books of
the Hebrew bible
The Early History of the Hebrews:
• Abraham
• Lived in Ur (Mesopotamia)
• Migrated to Canaan around
1950B.C.E.
1. Why did the Hebrews move to
Egypt?
2. When did the Hebrews move?
3. What was their life like in
Egypt?
Exodus (x-uh-duhs):
• Moses led the escape from Egypt
(Exodus)
• Wandered the desert for 40 years
• Returned to Canaan.
Kingdom of Israel 1000 B.C.E.
• King David
• One united kingdom, central
government
• King Solomon (son of David)
• Built magnificent temple in
Jerusalem
Important Hebrew Leaders:
Abraham: “father of the Hebrews”,
introduced belief of a single God
Moses: greatest leader of the Hebrews,
led his people out of slavery, gave
Judaism the Ten Commandments
David: created a united kingdom,
established Jerusalem as a holy city
Solomon: built Jerusalem’s first great
temple
The Life of Abraham: Father of the
Hebrews
Abraham’s Covenant with God - the
Torah says God:
•Told him to leave Ur and go to Canaan
•Promised to favor & protect Abraham
and his descendants
•Changed his name from Abram to
Abraham (what he is known as today)
•Promised Land of Canaan to Abraham’s
people
Abraham’s Sacrifice: According to Torah,
God tested Abraham:
•Told him to sacrifice his son Isaac
•Sent an angel to stop sacrifice
•Renewed His promise to Abraham
Jacob (grandson of Abraham, son of Issac)
•Hebrews flourished into 12 Tribes of
Israel – all descendants of Jacob
The Life of Moses: Leader and Prophet:
•1250 B.C.E. – large group of Abraham’s
descendants living in Egypt
•Why did the Pharaoh turn them into
slaves?
•God punished Egypt w/ 10 plagues
•Pharaoh gave in, Moses led people out
of Egypt
•Pharaoh changed his mind and gave
chase; but soldiers drowned in Red Sea
and Moses and his people escaped
Ten Commandments:
•At Mount Sinai: God gave Moses the Ten
Commandments
•Spelled out the Hebrews’ duties to God
•Laid down basic moral laws
•By obeying the commandments Hebrews
would fulfill their part of the covenant
with God
•In turn, God would protect the Hebrews
The Life of David: King of Israel
• Defeated Philistines & other enemies
• United two parts of Hebrew land (Israel &
Judah into one kingdom called Israel)
• Formed strong central government
• Gave Israel its own army, courts, officials
• Served as nation’s chief priest
• Chose Jerusalem as the capital
• Brought Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem
• Jerusalem became a holy city
Solomon: Builds the Great Temple of
Jerusalem
• Housed the Ark of the Covenant
• To be center of Jewish worship
• Forced his people to work on
construction
• Taxed his people heavily
• Northern tribes broke away, became
separate kingdom of Israel
• Solomon & descendants rule southern
kingdom of Judah
Questions:
1. When did the Jewish civilization develop, and where was it located?
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Which religion was founded by the Israelites?
What is the Torah, and what information does it record?
When people are reading from the Torah, what are they reading from?
How does the Torah say that Abraham first came to the land of Canaan?
What did David provide for the Jewish people that they did not have before?
Judaism began with a covenant, according to the Torah. What does that mean?
The word exodus means departure. In the history of the Israelites what does
Exodus mean?
9. When studying the history of Judaism, what is significant about Abraham,
Moses, David and Solomon?
Topic Sentence: Restate question
Support: Focus on only ideas that support your topic statement
Conclusion: Reconfirm your restatement