Transcript World religions

WORLD RELIGIONS
MRS Blount
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CHRISTIANITY – LARGEST WORLD RELIGION 2.1 BILLION
ISLAM - 2ND LARGEST WITH 1.5 BILLION
JUDAISM – 14 MILLION
HINDUISM – 900 MILLION
BUDDHISIM – 376 MILLION
 Secular/Nonreligious/Agnostic/Atheist:
1.1 billion
RELIGIONS I WANT YOU TO KNOW!!!!!!
CHRISTIANITY
• Trinitarian Monotheism – Father, Son and Holy Spirit
• Bible = sacred text
• Worship in a Church, chapel, cathedral, basilica,
meeting hall
• Human Nature - Created good but now born sinful
• Afterlife - Resurrection of body and soul, purgatory
(Catholic and Orthodox), and eternal heaven or hell
• Founder - Jesus of Nazareth, a Jewish Carpenter
ISLAM
• Founder – Muhammad –
• First language - Arabic
• Major groups are Sunni and Shiite
• Religious leaders are called - sheikh; imam (Shi'ite)
• Sacred Text – Quran, Koran
• House of Worship – Mosque
• Belief – God –Allah in Arabic, the same God revealed (imperfectly)
in the Jewish and Christian Bibles Along with Judaism and Christianity,
Islam belongs to the religious category of "ethical monotheism.“
Allah is a God of justice, who expects righteous behavior and
submission to the divine will (the word Islam means "submission,"
and a Muslim is literally "one who submits") and punishes unrighteousness.
5 PILLARS OF ISLAM
MUSLIM DOCTRINE IS OFTEN SUMMARIZED IN "SIX ARTICLES
OF FAITH." ACCORDING TO THIS LIST, TO BE A MUSLIM ONE
MUST BELIEVE IN:
1. ONE GOD;
2. THE ANGELS OF GOD;
3. THE BOOKS OF GOD, ESPECIALLY THE QUR'AN;
4. THE PROPHETS OF GOD, ESPECIALLY MUHAMMAD;
5. THE DAY OF JUDGMENT (OR THE AFTERLIFE); AND
6. THE SUPREMACY OF GOD'S WILL (OR PREDESTINATION).
HUMAN NATURE - BORN IN A STATE OF PURITY, IMPERFECT
YET CAPABLE OF SEEKING GOD AND DOING GOOD
JUDAISM
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Belief in ONE God
Founder Abraham
Sacred Text is the Tanakh = Tora
GOOD DEEDS are set aside as very
important
At age 13 boys have become a Bar
Mitzvah, or "Son of the
Commandments." Similarly, a girl
becomes a Bat Mitzvah, "daughter of
the commandment," upon turning 12.
Place of Worship is Synagogue
Leader is Rabbi
Monotheistic – one God, "Yahweh." has yet to come.
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The 13 Articles of the Jewish Faith
proposed by Maimonides are these:
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God exists
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God is one and unique
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God is incorporeal
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God is eternal
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Prayer is to God only.
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The prophets spoke truth.
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Moses was the greatest of the
prophets.
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The Written and Oral Torah were
given to Moses.
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There will be no other Torah.
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God knows the thoughts and deeds
of men.
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God will reward the good and
punish the wicked.
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The Messiah will come.
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The dead will be resurrected.
HINDUISM – PREDOMINATELY IN INDIA
Sacred Text - Vedas, Upanishads, Sutras, Bhagavad Gita
Spiritual Leader – Guru
Worship in a temple or shrine
Pantheism with polytheistic elements
Human Nature - in bondage to ignorance and illusion, but able to escape
Afterlife -if karma unresolved, soul is born into a new body; if karma resolved,
attain moksa (liberation)
The Brahman is "the eternal, conscious, irreducible, infinite, omnipresent,
spiritual source of the universe of finiteness and change."
Brahman is the source of all things and is in all things; it is the Self (atman)
of all living beings.
BUDDHISM
Spiritual Leader - Monk (lama in Tibetan Buddhism)
Worship in temple or Meditation hall
Sacred text - Pali Canon (Tripitaka), numerous
Mahayana sutras
Founder - Siddhartha Gautama
The Eightfold Path, then, is given:
1.Right view
2.Right intention
3.Right speech
4.Right action
5.Right livelihood
6.Right effort
7.Right mindfulness
8.Right concentration
Buddhism Cont.
Human nature:
There is no self or soul. Human existence is nothing more than a
combination of five impermanent components (khandas).
Purpose of life:
Theravada - Become an arhat, (one who has attained Nirvana)
escape the cycle of rebirth, and attain nirvana. Mahayana Become a boddhisatva then help others attain enlightenment.
Afterlife:
Rebirth or nirvana. Nirvana is seen simply as the cessation of
suffering by some and as a heavenly paradise by others
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(Nirvana means – no more suffering)
Buddhism - Predominately in India
Six Realms of Existence:
1. Hell-beings
2. Hungry ghosts
3. Animals
4. Humans
5. Anti-gods or demigods
6. Gods
THE END
1. I can explain how Christianity, Judaism, and Islam where
founded.
2. I can explain why Abraham is a centrical figure in the
Islamic and Jewish religions.
3. I can explain the connections between these three
religions that might create the conflicts that we see
between them in the world today.
4. I can compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism.