Transcript Discovering Our Past, Ancient Civilizations

Chapter Introduction
The First Israelites
The Kingdom of Israel
The Growth of Judaism
Chapter Assessment
The First Israelites
Religion shapes how culture develops,
just as culture shapes how religion
develops. The 12 tribes of Israel in the
land of Canaan were descendants of
Abraham. The Israelites believed in one
God who gave commandments telling
people how to live good lives.
The Kingdom of Israel
All civilizations depend upon leadership
for survival. Under David and Solomon,
the people of Israel built a powerful
kingdom with its capital at Jerusalem.
The Growth of Judaism
Religion shapes how culture develops,
just as culture shapes how religion
develops. The Jews continued to keep
their religion even though other people
ruled them. They settled in many places in
Asia and Europe.
End Of Chapter Introduction Slide
You have read how the Egyptians built a great
civilization. At about the same time, another nation
was forming. The Egyptians called the people of
this nation habiru, or foreigners. The people called
themselves Israelites or the Children of Israel.
• The Israelites believed in one God who set down
moral laws for his people. They recorded their
history in the Hebrew Bible. (page 201)
• The Israelites had to fight the Canaanites to
return to their promised land. (page 204)
Abraham
Deborah
Jacob
Phoenician
Moses
Canaan
Mount Sinai
monotheism
covenant
tribe
alphabet
Torah
focus
occupy
create
The peak of Mount Sinai, where—according to the
Hebrew Bible—Moses received the Ten
Commandments, can be reached by climbing
3,750 stone steps. The steps were created by the
monks of St. Catherine’s Monastery.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
A. The Israelites built a kingdom in Canaan,
along the Mediterranean Sea in southwest
Asia, in 1000 B.C.
B. Israelites believed in one God. The belief in
one God is called monotheism.
C. The Israelite faith became the religion of
Judaism. Judaism influenced Christianity
and Islam and helped shape the beliefs of
European and American societies.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
D. Israelites spoke Hebrew and wrote their
history and beliefs in what later became the
Hebrew Bible. The Hebrew Bible is what
Christians generally call the Old Testament.
E. The Israelites believed they were descended
from a man named Abraham. The Israelites
believed God told Abraham to settle in
Canaan and worship the one true God.
F. Abraham’s grandson, named Jacob, raised
12 sons in Canaan. Their families became
the 12 tribes of Israel.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
G. After 100 years in Canaan, the Israelites
suffered a long drought. To survive, the
Israelites went to Egypt.
H. The Egyptian pharaoh enslaved the
Israelites. To prevent the Israelites from
rebelling, the pharaoh ordered all baby boys
to be thrown into the Nile River. The
pharaoh’s daughter found a baby boy in a
basket on the riverbank. She named the
baby Moses.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
I. When Moses grew up, he herded sheep in
the hills outside Egypt. In those hills, he saw
a burning bush and heard a voice. He
believed it was God telling him to lead the
Israelites out of Egypt.
J. The Hebrew Bible says that God sent 10
plagues to trouble Egypt. The last plague
killed all the first-born children, except for
those Israelites who marked their doors with
lamb’s blood. The plague convinced the
pharaoh to let the Israelites leave Egypt.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
K. After the Israelites left, the pharaoh changed
his mind. He sent soldiers after the
Israelites. The Hebrew Bible says that God
parted the Red Sea, so the Israelites could
pass. The water flowed back when the
soldiers tried to cross, and they drowned.
L. On the way back to Canaan, Moses went to
the top of Mount Sinai and received laws
from God. These laws were known as the
Torah, which became the first part of the
Hebrew Bible.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
M. The Ten Commandments—God’s rules for
leading a moral life—are an important part of
the Torah. The Ten Commandments helped
form the basic moral laws of many nations.
I. The Early Israelites (pages 201–203)
What promise did God make in the
covenant with the Israelites?
God promised to return the Israelites to Canaan
if they followed the laws of the Torah.
II. The Promised Land (pages 204–205)
A. It took the Israelites about 40 years to reach
Canaan. Along the way, Moses died, and
Joshua took over.
B. When the Israelites reached Canaan, they
found a group of people, the Canaanites,
living there. The Israelites believed it was
God’s will to conquer the Canaanites.
Joshua led the Israelites into battle. They
marched around the walls of the city of
Jericho for six days. On the seventh day, the
Israelites let out a great shout, and the walls
of Jericho crumbled. Joshua led the
Israelites in three more wars. The land they
seized was divided among the 12 tribes.
II. The Promised Land (pages 204–205)
C. After Joshua’s death, the Israelites looked to
judges for leadership. Judges were usually
military leaders who led one or two tribes.
D. Eventually, the Israelites won the hilly region
of Canaan, and the Canaanites kept the
coastal areas. The Israelites built walled
towns to protect themselves.
E. The Phoenicians were a group of
Canaanites who developed an alphabet.
An alphabet is a group of letters that stands
for sounds.
II. The Promised Land (pages 204–205)
II. The Promised Land (pages 204–205)
How did the Phoenicians affect other
cultures of the world?
The Phoenicians passed on their alphabet to the
Greeks and Romans. This alphabet is the basis
for most Western alphabets of today.
• Led by Abraham, the Israelites settled in
Canaan. They later moved to Egypt and were
enslaved, but then escaped. The Israelites used
the Ten Commandments as rules to live by.
• Joshua and the judges, including Deborah, won
back territory in central Canaan for the Israelites.
1. Why was the religion of Israel
unique in the ancient world?
It had only one God.
2. What is the Torah, and how did the
Israelites obtain it?
The Torah contains the laws that God gave to
Moses on Mt. Sinai.
(3) CA 6RC2.4
3. Summarizing Information Use a
web diagram like the one below to
list Jewish ideas that are important
in our society.
Possible answers: belief in one god, ideas in
Ten Commandments; Hebrew Bible
(4) CA HI2. (5) CA 6RC2.0
4. Analyze What was the importance
of the Phoenician alphabet?
The Phoenician alphabet made writing simpler
and helped in keeping records.
5. Summarize What problems did the
Israelites face when they returned
to Canaan?
The Israelites had to fight to get back part of
Canaan from the Canaanites who lived there.
(6) CA HI2.
6. The Big Ideas How do the
Ten Commandments influence
today’s society?
Answers will vary but should demonstrate a
basic understanding of the commandments.
End Of Section 1 Slide
In Section 1, you read about the constant fighting
between the Israelites and the Canaanites. The
tribes of Israel longed for peace. Many thought the
way to peace was to unite as one nation.
• The Israelites chose a king to unite them against
their enemies. (page 207)
• King David built an Israelite empire and made
Jerusalem his capital city. (page 209)
• The Israelites were conquered and forced to
leave Israel and Judah. (page 210)
Philistine
prophet
Saul
empire
David
tribute
Solomon
proverb
Nebuchadnezzar
instruct
Jerusalem
Judah
symbol
Jerusalem has had different names throughout
history. Before King David conquered Jerusalem,
the city was called Jebus. King David renamed the
city the City of David. Accounts of the Assyrians’
conquering of the city referred to Jerusalem as the
City of Judah.
I. The Israelites Choose a King (page 207)
A. The Philistines were the strongest people in
Canaan around 1000 B.C. According to the
Hebrew Bible, some Israelites began
copying the Philistine religion.
B. To keep from quarreling among themselves
and to save their religion, the 12 tribes asked
Samuel, a prophet, to choose a king. A
prophet is a person believed by the Israelites
to be instructed by God. Samuel warned the
Israelites against having a king.
I. The Israelites Choose a King (page 207)
C. The Israelites named Saul as king, and
Samuel anointed him. King Saul displeased
God, however, so God chose another king,
David. God told Samuel to anoint David
in secret.
I. The Israelites Choose a King (page 207)
Why did Samuel warn the Israelites
against choosing a king?
Samuel told the Israelites that a king would
enslave them and make them pay taxes.
II. David and Solomon (pages 209–210)
A. David was a famous warrior. He killed a
giant Philistine named Goliath with a
slingshot and stones.
B. King Saul put David in charge of the army
but later grew envious of David and plotted
to have him killed. David hid until Saul and
his sons were killed. Then, David took
the throne.
II. David and Solomon (pages 209–210)
C. David drove the Philistines out and
conquered other countries, building his
empire. An empire is a nation that rules
several other nations.
D. The conquered people had to pay tribute—
money or slaves—to David. The Israelites
also had to pay heavy taxes. David used the
money to expand Israel’s capital,
Jerusalem.
II. David and Solomon (pages 209–210)
E. Solomon was David’s son who took the
throne after David’s death. Solomon built the
stone temple in Jerusalem that David
wanted to build. Solomon was known for his
proverbs, or wise sayings.
F. When Solomon died, the 12 tribes began
fighting. Ten of the tribes lived in the north
and called their nation the kingdom of Israel.
The other two tribes lived in the south and
called their kingdom Judah. The capital of
Judah was Jerusalem, and the people of
Jerusalem were called Jews.
II. David and Solomon (pages 209–210)
Click the map to
view a dynamic
version.
II. David and Solomon (pages 209–210)
Why did David want to build a temple
in Jerusalem?
David wanted the Israelites to have a permanent
place for their sacred religious objects.
II. A Troubled Time (pages 210–212)
A. After creating the kingdoms of Israel and
Judah, the prophets brought hope to the
people of Israel.
B. The Assyrians conquered Israel and
dispersed the 10 tribes throughout their
empire. These Israelites were often called
the “lost tribes of Israel.”
C. The Assyrians brought in people from
elsewhere to settle in Samaria. They became
known as Samaritans.
II. A Troubled Time (pages 210–212)
II. A Troubled Time (pages 210–212)
D. The Samaritans adopted many Israelite
beliefs. They worshiped the God of Israel
and read the Torah. Over time they
separated from Israel. Today’s Judaism
developed out of the religious practices of
Judah.
E. The Egyptians conquered the kingdom of
Judah in 620 B.C.
F. The Chaldeans conquered Egypt and
became rulers of Judah in 605 B.C.
II. A Troubled Time (pages 210–212)
G. The Jews joined forces with the Egyptians to
conquer the Chaldeans.
H. King Nebuchadnezzar and the Chaldeans
captured Jerusalem and punished the Jews.
He sent 10,000 Jews to Babylon and
appointed a new Jewish king.
I. In 586 B.C., the Jews revolted against the
Chaldeans, and the Chaldean ruler crushed
Jerusalem. The Chaldeans took the king
of Judah and thousands of Jews to
Babylon. This period is known as the
Babylonian Captivity.
II. A Troubled Time (pages 210–212)
What message did the prophets bring
to the Israelites?
The prophets warned the Israelites that being
faithful to God was more than simply going to
temple to worship. It meant working for a just
society and dealing fairly with other people.
• Saul was the first king of the Israelites. He united
the 12 tribes into one kingdom.
• King David built an Israelite empire and made
Jerusalem his capital. Solomon built a great
temple at Jerusalem, but after he died, the
Israelites split into two kingdoms—Israel
and Judah.
• The Assyrians and then the Chaldeans
conquered Israel and Judah, and forced many
Israelites to leave their homeland.
1. Why was David anointed king
while Saul was still in charge of
the Israelites?
Saul displeased God by disobeying some
commands, so God chose another king.
2. Who were the prophets, and why
were they important to the Israelites?
The prophets were messengers who claimed
to be instructed by God and who taught the
Israelites how to live properly.
(3) CA 6RC2.4
3. The Big Ideas Draw a chart like the
one below. Use it to compare the
accomplishments of King David and
King Solomon.
King David—united the Israelites, defeated the
Philistines, made Jerusalem Israel’s capital, wrote
many psalms
King Solomon—built temple in Jerusalem, proverbs
(4) CA HI2. (5) CA HR5.
4. Summarize What happened to the
Israelites after the death of Solomon?
They formed two separate kingdoms.
5. Describe Who were the Samaritans?
The Samaritans were Assyrian settlers in the
area around Samaria.
(6) CA CS3.
6. Infer Why do you think the Assyrians
and Chaldeans moved Jews away
from Israel and Judah?
They wanted to decrease the chance of revolt.
End Of Section 2 Slide
In Section 2, you learned that the Chaldeans
forced thousands of Jews to go to Babylon. Life in
Babylon was very difficult. Many of Judah’s people
looked to their religion for hope and strength.
• The Jews continued their religion during their
exile in Babylon. (page 214)
• Jews spread their beliefs to the Greek world and
regained control of Judah. (page 215)
• Religion shaped the Jewish way of life. (page 217)
• Under Roman rule, the Jews were divided and
rebellious. In response, the Romans destroyed
the temple and exiled the Jews. (page 220)
Babylon
Judas Maccabeus
Herod
Zealot
Yohanan ben Zaccai
exile
rabbi
Sabbath
synagogue
Diaspora
messiah
series
version
trace
The Jewish Sabbath, or Shabbat, begins on
Friday evening at sundown and ends at sunset
Saturday evening. Jews commemorate the
separation of Shabbat from the rest of the week
with special ceremonies.
I. Exile and Return (pages 214–215)
A. Exile occurs when people are forced to
leave their homeland. During the Israelites’
exile in Babylon, their religion became
known as Judaism.
B. Jews met each week on the Sabbath, a day
of worship and rest, in a synagogue, or
house of worship. At the meetings, the Jews
prayed and discussed their religion.
I. Exile and Return (pages 214–215)
C. After the Persians defeated the Chaldeans
and took control of Babylon, the Persian
king, Cyrus, allowed the Jews to return
to Judah.
D. Persian officials did not allow the Jews to
have their own government. The Jews
looked to their religious leaders for guidance.
Jewish leaders became priests and scribes.
I. Exile and Return (pages 214–215)
E. The Hebrew Bible consists of 34 books.
These books describe Jewish history and
have poetry, proverbs, and literature.
F. The Jews believed that God had a special
role for them in history and that events
had meaning.
I. Exile and Return (pages 214–215)
G. The book of Daniel reminded Jews that God
would rescue them.
H. Jews, Christians, and Muslims share the
idea that good will triumph over evil.
I. Exile and Return (pages 214–215)
How does the book of Genesis explain
different languages of the world?
Genesis tells that the people of Babel tried to
build a tower to heaven. God disapproved of the
tower and made all the people speak different
languages and scattered them across the earth.
II. The Jews and the Greeks (pages 215–216)
A. Judah came under the control of Alexander
the Great in 331 B.C. He introduced Greek
language and ways to the Jews who stayed
in Judah.
B. The Diaspora refers to the scattering of
Jews outside of Israel and Judah. The word
diaspora means “scattered.”
II. The Jews and the Greeks (pages 215–216)
C. The Greek ruler Antiochus wanted the Jews
to worship Greek gods and goddesses. A
priest named Judas Maccabeus and his
followers formed an army known as the
Maccabees to fight the Greeks.
D. The Maccabees drove the Greeks out of
Judah. They removed evidence of the gods
and goddesses from their temple. Each year
Jews recall the cleansing of the temple when
they celebrate Hanukkah.
II. The Jews and the Greeks (pages 215–216)
II. The Jews and the Greeks (pages 215–216)
How did Jewish ideas spread at the
time of Alexander the Great?
Some Jews who learned the Greek language
but were loyal to Judaism copied the Hebrew
Bible in the Greek language. In this way, people
who were not Jews could read about and
understand Judaism.
III. The Jewish Way of Life (pages 217–218)
A. Jewish laws influenced Jews’ daily life.
B. Jewish laws applied to clothing. Men wore
tunics, caps or turbans, and sandals.
Women wore dresses and covered their
heads with shawls. Wealthy women wore
shoes, makeup, and jewelry.
C. Sons were especially valuable in Jewish
society. Sons carried on the family name and
became the head of the family after the
death of their fathers.
III. The Jewish Way of Life (pages 217–218)
D. Sons learned how to earn a living and how
to worship God from their fathers. They later
learned how to read the Torah from
religious leaders.
E. Girls learned how to be good wives,
mothers, and housekeepers. They also
learned about Jewish laws and the strong
women of ancient Israel.
F. Jewish laws stated that Jews could eat only
certain animals, such as beef, lamb, and
certain scaly fish. Today, food that is
prepared according to Jewish law is
called kosher.
III. The Jewish Way of Life (pages 217–218)
How is kosher meat prepared?
To be kosher, the animal is killed in a certain
way. Then the meat is inspected, salted, and
soaked. Jewish laws instruct Jews not to cook or
eat milk products with the meat.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
A. In 63 B.C., the Romans conquered Judah
and renamed it Judaea.
B. King Herod, the most famous ruler of
Judaea, made the temple in Jerusalem
awe-inspiring.
C. After Herod’s death, the Romans replaced
Jewish kings with Roman officials.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
D. The Jews had splintered into different
groups. One group was the Pharisees, who
were supported by the common people.
Another group was the Sadducees, who did
not agree with many of the Pharisees’
teachings. A third group was the Essenes.
Because the Jews had split into these
groups, they were not as powerful after the
death of Herod.
E. The Dead Sea Scrolls were found near the
Dead Sea in A.D. 1947.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
F. The Jews hated Roman rule. Many Jews
were waiting for a messiah, or deliverer sent
by God. Some Jews, known as Zealots,
wanted to fight the Romans. They revolted in
A.D. 66 and drove the Romans out of
Jerusalem.
G. The Romans regained control four years
later. They killed thousands of Jews and
forced many others to leave. The Romans
also destroyed the temple in Jerusalem.
What remains today is the Western Wall.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
H. The Jews revolted again, but the Romans
stopped the revolt. This time, they forbade
Jews to visit Jerusalem and gave Judah the
name of Palestine, referring to the
Philistines.
I. Rabbis, teachers of the Torah, became
important leaders. Rabbis wanted to pass on
the teachings of the Torah. They combined
the teachings in a book called the Talmud.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
J. Yohanan ben Zaccai, a famous rabbi,
helped Judaism survive the destruction and
loss of the temple.
K. For 2,000 years most Jews lived outside
Palestine and faced persecution. In
A.D. 1948 Palestine was divided, and a new
Jewish nation called Israel was created.
IV. The Jews and the Romans
(pages 220–223)
What was the difference between the
Pharisees and the Sadducees?
The Pharisees were concerned with applying
the Torah to daily life and the Jewish home and
family. The Sadducees were concerned with
how the Torah applied to priests in the Temple.
• During their exile in Babylon, the Jews
developed their religion, which is based upon
the Hebrew Bible.
• Jews spread their ideas to the Greek world.
About 168 B.C., they fought the Greeks for
control of Judah.
• Religious laws concerning food and clothing
affected everyday Jewish life.
• In 63 B.C. Judah was taken over by the
Roman Empire.
1. What was the Diaspora?
The Diaspora was the scattered Jews living
outside the homeland of Judah.
2. What was education like within a
Jewish family?
Mothers taught young children. Fathers taught
older boys religion and the father’s trade.
Mothers taught girls the basic skills of being
good wives, mothers, and housekeepers.
(3) CA 6RC2.2
3. Organizing Information Draw a table
to describe the differences between
these three Jewish groups.
Your tables should match the text.
(4) CA 6RC2.0 (5) CA 6RC2.3
4. Summarize How did the Jews
practice their religion during the exile
in Babylon?
The Jews met and worshiped on the Sabbath.
5. Identify Who was Yohanan ben Zaccai,
and why was he important?
Yohanan ben Zaccai was a rabbi who helped
Judaism survive the temple’s loss by creating a
school to study the Torah.
(6) CA HI2.
6. The Big Ideas Do you think that
Jewish beliefs and values would
have spread so widely if Israel and
Judah had not been conquered by
other peoples?
Answers will vary but should express
plausible reasons.
End of Section 3
Match the definitions in the second column to the terms
in the first column.
___
c 1. tribe
___
a 2. prophet
___
b 3. synagogue
___
d 4. Sabbath
___
g 5. messiah
___
f 6. monotheism
___
h 7. covenant
___
e 8. exile
a. believed to be inspired
by God
b. Jewish house of worship
c. family group
d. holy day of worship and rest
e. forced absence
f. belief in one God
g. deliverer sent by God
h. agreement
9. Where did the Israelites record
their history and religious beliefs?
They recorded their history in the Hebrew Bible.
10. Why did the Israelites fight
the Canaanites?
They believed it was God’s will.
11. Why did the Israelites choose
a king?
The Israelites chose a king to unite them
against their enemies, the Philistines.
12. Where did David build his
capital city?
David built his capital in Jerusalem.
13. What happened when the
Israelites were conquered?
They were forced to leave Israel and Judah.
14. To where were the Jews exiled?
They were exiled into Babylon.
15. How did Jewish ideas spread
throughout the Mediterranean world?
Some Jews of the Diaspora translated the
Hebrew Bible into Greek.
16. How did religion influence
Jewish life?
Jewish laws set rules for diet, dress, conduct,
and so on.
17. How did Romans respond to Jewish
rebellions?
The Jewish rebellions were forcefully put
down, and the Romans destroyed the temple
in Jerusalem and exiled the Jews.
(18) CA 6RC2.2 (19) CA 6RC2.0
18. Contrast How was the Jewish
religion different from religions of
other ancient cultures?
The Jewish religion had one God, while other
religions had many.
19. Analyze Why do you think the
Israelites felt so strongly about a
Promised Land?
Jews believed they had received the promised
land by having made a covenant with God.
(20) CA HI2.
20. Compare and Contrast How were
Saul and David similar, and how
were they different?
Both led Israelites to victory. Saul displeased
God, plotted to kill David, and was eventually
killed in battle. David defeated Goliath and the
Philistines and built Jerusalem.
(21) CA HI1. (22) CA 6RC2.0
21. Explain How did the Jewish religion
survive during the exile of the Jews?
The Jews worshipped on the Sabbath.
22. Describe What is celebrated on the
Jewish holiday Hanukkah?
The Maccabees’ defeat of the Greeks and the
reclaiming and cleansing of the temple in
Jerusalem is celebrated on Hanukkah.
Study the map below and answer the following questions.
(23) CA CS3.
23. Location Which kingdom—Israel or
Judah—had an advantage when it
came to trade? Why?
Israel had an advantage when it came to
trade because it had ports on the
Mediterranean Sea.
(24) CA CS3. (25) CA CS3.
24. Identify About how far is Jerusalem
from Damascus?
It is about 140 miles.
25. Analyze Which kingdom had the
most access to the Mediterranean?
Israel had the most access.
Read the passage below and answer
the following question.
“What you gain by doing evil won’t
help you at all, but being good can
save you from death.”
34. This proverb by Solomon reflects
what important Jewish teaching?
A Working hard is all that matters.
B Doing what is right and good is the
best solution.
C As long as you are happy, it doesn’t
matter if you are good or evil.
D Treat others as you would like to
be treated.
CA CS1. CA 6RC2.3
Do you think religion affected the daily
lives of the ancient Israelites more, less,
or about the same as religion affects
people in the United States today? Why?
End of Chapter Assessment
WH6.3 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and
social structures of the Ancient Hebrews.
WH6.3.1 Describe the origins and significance of Judaism as the first
monotheistic religion based on the concept of one God who sets down moral
laws for humanity.
WH6.3.2 Identify the sources of the ethical teachings and central beliefs of
Judaism (the Hebrew Bible, the Commentaries): belief in God, observance of
law, practice of the concepts of righteousness and justice, and importance of
study; and describe how the ideas of the Hebrew traditions are reflected in the
moral and ethical traditions of Western civilization.
WH6.3.3 Explain the significance of Abraham, Moses, Naomi, Ruth, David, and
Yohanan ben Zaccai in the development of the Jewish religion.
WH6.3.4 Discuss the locations of the settlements and movements of Hebrew
peoples, including the Exodus and their movement to and from Egypt, and
outline the significance of the Exodus to the Jewish and other people.
WH6.3 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and
social structures of the Ancient Hebrews.
WH6.3.2 Identify the sources of the ethical teachings and central beliefs of
Judaism (the Hebrew Bible, the Commentaries): belief in God, observance
of law, practice of the concepts of righteousness and justice, and
importance of study; and describe how the ideas of the Hebrew traditions
are reflected in the moral and ethical traditions of Western civilization.
WH6.3.3 Explain the significance of Abraham, Moses, Naomi, Ruth, David,
and Yohanan ben Zaccai in the development of the Jewish religion.
WH6.3.4 Discuss the locations of the settlements and movements of
Hebrew peoples, including the Exodus and their movement to and from
Egypt, and outline the significance of the Exodus to the Jewish and
other people.
WH6.3 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social
structures of the Ancient Hebrews.
WH6.3.2 Identify the sources of the ethical teachings and central beliefs of Judaism
(the Hebrew Bible, the Commentaries): belief in God, observance of law, practice of
the concepts of righteousness and justice, and importance of study; and describe
how the ideas of the Hebrew traditions are reflected in the moral and ethical
traditions of Western civilization.
WH6.3.3 Explain the significance of Abraham, Moses, Naomi, Ruth, David, and
Yohanan ben Zaccai in the development of the Jewish religion.
WH6.3.4 Discuss the locations of the settlements and movements of Hebrew
peoples, including the Exodus and their movement to and from Egypt, and outline
the significance of the Exodus to the Jewish and other people.
WH6.3.5 Discuss how Judaism survived and developed despite the continuing
dispersion of much of the Jewish population from Jerusalem and the rest of Israel
after the destruction of the second Temple in A.D. 70.
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Presentation Plus! features such as the Reference Atlas, History
Online, and others are located in the left margin of most screens.
Click on any of these buttons to access a specific feature.