Transcript JUDAISM
HISTORY OF JUDAISM(Review from
Yesterday)
Abraham is the father of the Hebrews
About 1800 B.C. he lived in a city called Ur in
Mesopotamia
It is believed that God told Abraham to leave Ur
and go to Canaan(present day Israel)
God told Abraham that if he went to Canaan the
land there would belong to his descendents
This was a promise from God and so
Canaan(Israel) is considered the Promised Land
EGYPT
There was a famine in Canaan
The Israelites were starving and so they
went to Egypt
A new pharaoh came to power
He enslaved the Israelites and made
them work on his building projects
MOSES
Moses helped the Israelites leave Egypt
This is known as the Exodus
They wandered around the Sinai Desert for 40
years
Moses climbed to the top of Mt Sinai and God
spoke to him
Moses carried two stone tablets down the
mountain
The Ten Commandments were written on the
tablets
Return to Promised Land
The Israelites wanted to reclaim their land in Canaan
This lead to 200 years of war
After a period of peace the Philistines invade and King
David is able to drive them out
King Solomon succeeds King David
After King Solomon died the Israelite Kingdom split in
two: Israel and Judah
The word Judaism and
Jew come from the name
Judah during this
time in history.
Who is followed and important
teachings
First Monotheistic religion- a belief in one God
Believe Messiah will appear in Jerusalem and bring
peace and harmony to the world
It is important to follow the Ten Commandments
The first four commandments have to do with a
relationship with God
The next six have to do with a relationship with other
people.
Religious Book--TORAH
Torah-The first five books of the
Hebrew Bible
There is a belief that these were given to
the people by God
They give the early history, laws, and
beliefs of the Hebrews
The five books are: Genesis, Exodus,
Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Sabbath or Shabbat
Sundown Friday to sundown Saturday
People should refrain from work
Many go to the Synagogue- the
Jewish place of worship
Spend time with family, reading the
Torah, and eating traditional meals.
Holy Days
Rosh Hashanah: the Jewish New Year- a 10 day
period of repentance, renewal and remembrance
Yom Kippur: “Day of Atonement”- pray for
forgiveness of oneself and others
Hanukkah: “Festival of Lights”- celebrated the
miracle of 1 day of oil lasting 8 days at the rededication
of the Temple in Jerusalem
Passover: a time to remember the slaves Exodus
from Egypt
Mitzvah
Bar Mitzvah- “son of commandment”-
occurs when a boy is 13
Bat Mitzvah- “daughter of
commandment”- occurs when a girl is
12
These are ceremonies held to celebrate
the child’s passage to adulthood
FACTS
Rabbi- a Jewish spiritual leader
Worldwide population-14.5 million
Christianity and Islam grew out of
Judaism
Judaism is practiced all over the
world, but many Jews live in Israel,
where a Jewish state was created in
1948.
Symbol
The Star of David, also called the Shield of David, is a
very important symbol of Judaism. The symbol
honors King David, who ruled the Kingdom of Israel
about 1000-962 B.C.