Transcript Judaism - Cobb Learning

Southwest Asia’s
Judaism, Christianity,
and Islam (Sunni & Shia)
• Judaism, Christianity, & Islam are prominent
religions practiced in Southwest Asia.
• 90% of the region’s population practices Islam,
4% are Christian, and 2% follow Judaism.
• Followers of each practice monotheism, a belief in
one god.
What else do they have in common?
•
They all originated in Southwest Asia.
•
Each can trace their roots to Abraham as the father
of their faith.
•
Jerusalem is the holiest city in the world for Jews and
Christians, and the third holiest city for Muslims.
•
All three have an important messenger, book of
teachings, and holidays.
cdf
•
Each religion is led by a single person
Jerusalem
Father Abraham
Abraham
Age: 100
Hagar
Sarah
Housemaid
Age: 90
Ishmael
Isaac
Jews believe that Isaac was
promised Zion- the holy land.
Muslims believe the promised land
belonged to Ishmael- Ishmael was
the one to be sacrificed, not Isaac.
And so the conflict begins.
Arabs/Muslims
Jews/Christians
-Hebrews - 1st monotheists
-Sacred writings
The Torah – 1st 5 books of OT
Talmud – serves as “guide”/laws
and traditions.
-Called God “Yahweh” or
“Adonai” Written:“G-D”
-Yahweh spoke to Abraham,
“Go to Canaan”(present day Israel, the
The promise to Abraham and his seed. When God
calls Abram, He orders him to go the land that He
would show him. That land was Canaan (Genesis
12:1)
West Bank, Gaza Strip, parts of Lebanon, and
Syria.)
-Abraham’s descendants are Jews
Map of Abraham’s Journey
God told Abraham to leave Ur (South of Iraq near Basra). Abraham went to Hara (Turkey), then to Canaan.
Canaan became Judea, thus Judaism.
Abraham’s Journey
A Story of Exile & Persecution
586 BC:
• Babylonians ruled Mesopotamia
• Babylonians (King Nebuchadnezzar)
destroyed the First Temple built by
Jews in Jerusalem
• Jews exiled to Babylon
1st Temple built by King Solomon
Rebuilding the Temple
536 BC: 50 years later…
• Persians took control of
Mesopotamia
• Jews allowed to return to
Jerusalem
• Temple was rebuilt
Second Temple
2nd Temple in Jerusalem
Built by King Herod
Second Temple Destroyed
Roman Control:
• Jews revolted in 66AD
• Second Temple is destroyed by
Titus (Romans) in 70 AD
• Romans forced the Jewish people
to leave-called Jewish diaspora
• The Wailing Wall remains
Diaspora- Latin for “disperse”
The Jewish Diaspora
How can a dandelion remind
us of the Jewish Diaspora?
DiasporaJews living outside Israel
･ the dispersion of the Jews beyond
Israel.
･ the dispersion of any people from
their original homeland
Dia- “across” disperse
This is what happened to the Jewish
people and explains why they are in
Europe and around the world.
Jews were forced out of Israel and moved to many
places all over the world.
• This is called diaspora, or spreading out of Jews.
•
•
The Jewish people did not return to their homeland
until the modern state of
Israel was created in 1948.
Western Wall
Prayers &
wishes stuck
into cracks of
the Western
Wall
• There are over 15 million followers worldwide.
•
dfkj
• Jews worship in synagogues and temples.
•
dfl
• Jewish leaders are called rabbis or Jewish priests.
•
dfkj
• They believe that a messiah (savior) will lead them to
the Promised Land.
•
lj
• Jews believe in justice and righteousness.
• “What is hateful to you, do not to your neighbor.”
Question: What are messianic Jews?
What is Zionism?
• Zion- the hill of Jerusalem on which the city of David was
built.
･ Jerusalem.
･ (in Christian thought) The heavenly city or kingdom of
heaven.･ the Jewish people or religion.
･ the Christian Church.
• Zionism- the movement for the development and
protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel.
The Star of David is a symbol of Zion
1800 Years Later…
• Jews lived outside of Jerusalem hoping it
would once again be home of Judaism.
On this land…
Is the temple mount. The temple mount (Jewish holy site) is where
Abraham was going to sacrifice Isaac.
The Jews refer to Jerusalem as Zion.
The star of David is a symbol of Zion
70 AD- 1947- Arab people lived on the land (for 2,017 years). The
conflict is 3,500 years old.
1947- Declaration of Independence was kept a secret.
The
Promised Land
Canaan
Judea
Palestine
Israel
1948
No longer Palestine…
May of 1948
The United Nations declared Israel as a state.
Law of Return
The 1950 Law of Return allowed anyone that was Jewish
(including a spouse that was Jewish or if one was of
Jewish ancestry) to immigrate to Israel and claim full
citizenship.
Hurva Synagogue, Jerusalem
• The sacred book is called the Tanuch, and it is a
collection of writings compiled over a period of time.
• There are three parts to the book:
1. Torah – this is the most sacred part, it contains
what Moses delivered to the Israelites
2. Eight books of psalms and proverbs
3. Talmud – writings on Jewish law, history, and
folklore
The Torah
• Hanukkah celebrates a victory where the Jews were
able to keep their religion after being captured by
Greeks.
• Jews were able to keep the Temple lit for 8 days
despite only having enough lamp oil for 1 day.
• Passover celebrates the exodus of the Hebrews from
Egypt.
• Rosh Hashanah celebrates the Jewish new year.
• Yom Kippur is known as the “Day of Atonement”
(asking for forgiveness of sins).
• It is the holiest day for Jews.
• No work is allowed on this day and much of the
day is spent in synagogue.
• Many Jews fast during this day.
Jewish Bar/Bat Mitzvahs
Prayers at the Western Wall during Yom Kippur