Transcript The Holocaust

The Holocaust
11.7.5 Discuss the constitutional issues and the impact
of events on the U.S. home front, including the
internment of Japanese Americans and the restrictions
on German and Italian resident aliens; the RESPONSE
of the administration to Hitler’s atrocities against the
Jews
vocabulary
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Anti-Semitism
Nuremberg Laws
Kristallnacht
Genocide
Concentration camp
Death camp
War Refugee Board
Hitler’s ideology
Nazi movement based on anti-Semitism
 Jews blames for all of Germany’s problems
 Nazis rose to power, 1933 Hitler was the
Chancellor of Germany
 Jews were persecuted from the start

Nuremberg Laws
First attack economic: attacked Jewish
stores
 Barred Jews from civil service jobs,
banking, stock exchange, law, journalism
and medicine
 Nuremberg Laws denied Jewish
citizenship to Jews
 Barred marriage b/w Jews non-Jews
 segregated
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Kristallnacht
November 9, 1938
 “Night of Broken glass”
 Jewish refugee killed a German diplomat
in Paris
 Nazi officials ordered attacks on Jews in
Germany, Austria and Sudetenland
 Lead by secret police and military
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1,500 synagogues destroyed
 7,500 Jewish-owned businesses
 Killed 200 Jews
 Injured 600
 Thousands arrested
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Jewish Flight
1933-1937 about 129,000 Jews fled
Germany and Austria
 Not welcomed in other countries
 1939 the U.S turned away an ocean liner,
the St. Louis with 900 Jewish refugees
 600 Jews died later in concentration
camps
 22 were allowed to stay in Cuba
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Ghettos
Jewish Ghettos
 Forced thousands to live in a few block
area, not allowed out
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– Warsaw- 30% of the population was forced to
live on 2.5% of the land
– 9.7 people per room

Poor nutrition
– Germans rationed 2,613 calories per day
– 253 calories per Jew
Final Solution
Genocide-to kill with intent any racial,
political or cultural group
 1933 first concentration camp opened
 Dachau, Sachsehausen and Buchenwald
first
 In theory, these camps were to turn
prisoners into useful members of society
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Who was sent to concentration
camps?
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Labor leaders
Socialists
Communists
Journalists
Novelists
Ministers
priests
Anyone who spoke
out
 Undesirables
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Gypsies
Jehovah’s Witnesses
Homosexuals
Beggars
Disabled
Mentally ill
Death Camps
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Auschwitz
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– In Poland
– Largest
Treblinka, Maidenek,
 Sobibor, Belsec and
Chelmno
 Millions transported
 Gased
– Millions shot and
buried in ditches
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– Carbon monoxide

Zyklon B (insecticide)
Converted
concentration camps
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11 million dead
– 6 million Jews
– 5 million others
War Refugee Board
1944 FDR est. War Refugee Board
 Worked with Red Cross to save thousands
in E. Europe

Liberation
Camps liberated as territory was won by
Allied forces
 Full extent of atrocities revealed
 Revelation of Holocaust resulted in
increased support of est. a Jewish
homeland

– Israel
– 1948 State of Israel est.