Transcript First Semester Study Guide Review

First Semester Study
Guide Review
Chapter 2
1. What reasons did the Egyptians have for settling
on a river? Farming the land, fertile soil
2. What is the Egyptian system of writing called?
Hieroglyphics
3. What is a line of rulers from the same family?
Dynasty
4. What is a tomb for a pharaoh called? Pyramid
5. What is it called when the body is preserved at
death? Embalming
 6. What is a triangular shaped area at the mouth of a
river? Delta
 7. What river did the Egyptians build their
civilization? The Nile River
 8. What did the Egyptians study for the afterlife?
Book of the Dead
 9. Who was the god of the underworld? Osiris
 10. What another name for Tutankhamun? King
Tut
 11. What was the valley of the kings? The tombs of
the pharaohs cut into the cliffs west of the Nile
River.
 12. What Egyptian ruler called? A pharaoh
 13. What archaeologist found King Tut’s tomb?
Howard Carter
 14. What animal is sacred to Egyptians? Cats
 15. What is the largest desert in the world that
Egypt is near? Sahara
 16. What did the Egyptians make paper from?
Papyrus
 17. What steps were taken in preserving a body?
Why? Step one, removed the body’s organs, Step
two, apply a special kind of salt, step three, store the
body for a number of days to dry, step four, fill the
body with spices and perfumes then stitched closed,
finally the body was cleaned and wrapped in fine
lining
Chapter 3
 1. What is the belief in one God? Monotheism
 2. What is the belief in more than one God?
Polytheism
 3. What role did Moses play in the Israelites faith?
Moses helped free the Israelites from slavery
 4. How did God know to Passover the Israelites?
Marking the doorway with lamb’s blood
 5. What is a person claims to have message from
God? Prophet
 6. What is a promise from God? Covenant
 7. Where did the Israelites become captives as
slaves? What was it called when they left? Egypt,
the Exodus
 8. What is a Jewish house of of worship
called?Synagogue
 9. What is a religious leader called? Rabbis
 10. What does it mean to be forced out of your land?
Exile
Chapter 4
 1. What type of government is ruled by the people
sharing in it? Democracy
 2. What type of rule takes over by force? Tyrant
 3. What type of government has only a small group
ruling? Oligarchy
 4. What is someone who ponders the question of
life? Philosopher
 5. How did the ancient Greeks make their living?
Fishing or by the sea
 6. What type of geographic feature is Greece? Peninsula
 7. What were the qualifications of citizenship in Greece?
Only free native-born men who owned could be citizens
 8. Why were the Persians a threat to the Greeks? They
often clashed over colonies in the Mediterranean area
 9. What were the effects of the wars with Persia? The
Greek city-states had saved their homeland from
invasion
 10. Who was Pericles? Athenian who helped support
artists, architects, writers, and philosophers
 11. What were the two major city states in Greece?
Athens and Sparta
 12. What was Sparta’s main goal? To focus on military
skills to control the people they conquered
 13. What was the goal of Delian League? To defend its
members against the Persians
 14. What is named for the Battle of Marathon? Modern
marathon races are named for this famous run and are
just over 26 miles long
 15. What is a a Greek City state called? Polis
 16. What is a fortified area called? Acropolis
 17. What is a settlement in a distant land that keeps
ties with the country who settled it? Colony
Chapter 5
 1. Name 3 famous Greek Philosophers and tell their
achievement. Socrates- created the Socratic method of
teaching, Plato- described his vision of the ideal
government, Aristotle- wrote 200 books on philosophy
and science
 2. What is a shrine where a priest could give you
answers from the gods? Oracle
 3. What is a story about a god or goddess? Myth
 4. What way of teaching was developed that uses a
question format? Socratic method
 5. What is another word for human? Omit
 6. Where did the gods and goddesses live? Mount
Olympus
 7. What festival that we celebrate today was to
honor Zeus? The Olympics
 8. Identify Zeus, Athena, Poseidon, Ares, Hera,
Aphrodite Zeus- King of the gods, Athena- Goddess
of wisdom, Poseidon- God of the sea, Ares-God of
war, Hera-Goddess of marriage, AphroditeGoddess of love and beauty
 9. Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey? Homer
 10. what was the Trojan War fought over? A prince of Troy
kidnaps the wife of the king of Sparta
 11. Why is Aesop famous? For his fables
 12. Identify Corinthian, Doric, and Ionic columns. Different
styles of columns
 13. What is “what a person leaves behind?” Legacy
 14. What were professional teachers in Greece called? Sophists
 15. Name the two types of drama in Greek plays. Tragedy and
Comedy
 16. Who was Philip’s son from Macedonia who took
over Greece? Alexander the Great
 17. Why was Alexander called “the Great”? Because
he left a legacy
 18. What city did Alexander name after himself?
Alexandria, Egypt
Chapter 6
 1. How is India protected geographically? By huge mountains
 2. What is a dome shaped Buddhist shrine? Stupa
 3. What is the good or bad energy a soul has? Karma
 4. What is the rebirth of the soul? Reincarnation
 5. What is a Hindu spiritual guide and teacher? Guru
 6. What government headed by religious leaders? Theocracy
 7. Who is a person that travels to a religious shrine or site?
Pilgrim
 8. What was the social class system in India called?
Caste or Jati
 9. What ancient language did the Aryans bring to India?
Sanskrit
 10. What is a large landmass that is part of a continent
but distinct from it? Subcontinent
 11. What type of geographical feature is India? A
diamond
 12. What is the ancient custom of a wife giving up her
life in India? Suttee
 13. What group of people did Buddhism appeal to
in the beginning? Untouchables and lower class
Indians
 14. Who started Buddhism? Siddhartha Gautama
 15. What religion is a mixture of the Aryans and the
ancient Indians and believes in reincarnation?
Hinduism
Chapter 7
 1. What physical feature was build in China to keep
invaders out? The Great Wall of China
 2. What two colors represent beauty and power in
China? Red and Yellow
 3. What is a line of rulers from the same family? Dynasty
 4. What was the first dynasty of China? Shang
 5. What did the Shang work with? Bronze
 6. What is a Chinese character that stands for an object?
Pictograph
 7. Why can only 10% of China be used for farming?
Because of the mountains and deserts that cover
most of the land
 8. What is a group of appointed officials who are
responsible for different areas of government? A
Bureaucracy
 9 .What is a formal order? Mandate
 10. What were oracle bones used for? To ask the
gods’ for help and the earliest known examples of
Chinese writing
 11. Name several Chinese inventions. Waterwheels, steel,
paper, irrigation and flood control system, iron plow,
crossbow, saddle, and and stirrup
 12. Who was Confucious? Ancient China’s first great thinker,
who wanted to end the problems in China and bring peace to
society
 13 What was the most valuable trade product for China? Silk
 14. What is the biggest event for the Chinese each year?
Chinese New Year
 15. What are nobles whose wealth comes from the land they
own? Aristocrats