Transcript Ancient Egypt Chapter 4

Ancient Egypt
Chapter 4
I. The Nile
Egyptians settled
near the delta of
the Nile
 Borrowed many
ideas from other
peoples
 What natural
boundaries protect
Egypt?
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II.
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The Old Kingdom
2600BC-2100BC
2 kingdoms exist
– Upper and Lower Egypt
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King Narmer unites the two kingdoms
– Red and white crown worn to symbolize union
Pharaoh is all powerful - Pyramids
 Most people were farmers who relied on
Nile to survive
 Women seemed to have some equality
 Hieroglyphic writing was begun
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Evolution of the Pyramid
Religious Beliefs:
The Burial
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Pyramids Tombs
for pharaohs
Tour the pyramid
of Menkaure
Religious Beliefs:
Preserving the body
Mummification occurred
naturally in Egypt. Why
 How do we protect from
wild animals?
 Mummification quiz
 Do you know enough to
become a Mummymaker
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First Intermediate Period
2100BC-2000BC
 Old
Kingdom Ends
– Problems
Drought
Shortage of food and starvation
Who succeeds 100yr old Pepi II?
Pepi was inefficient in his later years
–People lost faith in government
Raided temples
Destroyed statues of king
The Middle Kingdom
2000BC-1786BC
 Mentuhotep
reunites Egypt (11th
dynasty begins)
 Pharaohs no longer god-kings but
shepherds of the people.
– Irrigation projects repaired
– Economy improves
 Public
Works Projects
 Hebrews move to Egypt
 Writing
returns
King Tut’s Tomb
Valley of the KingsPharaohs were buried here during
the Middle and New Kingdoms
Who was King Tut?
Interesting facts
 He
was known as Tutankhamen
 He became King at 8 and died at 18
 He reigned during the New Kingdom
 His death is a mystery!
 Why is he remembered more than any
other Pharaoh?
King Tut’s Tomb
Strange Occurences: A Curse?
You Decide!
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Digging for King Tuts tomb was postponed for
years due to WWI
Tombs were believed to curse anyone who
disturbed the tomb of a pharaoh
Shortly after the opening of the tomb Lord
Carnarvon died
On the day of the tomb opening, Carter's pet
canary was eaten by a cobra (a symbol of the
ancient pharaohs).
At the moment that Carnarvon died in Cairo
Hospital, the lights across Cairo went out for five
minutes.
Carnarvon's dog Susie, back in England, howled
and dropped dead at exactly two o'clock in the
morning, the time that Carnarvon died.
George Jay Gould a wealthy financier became
sick after opening the tomb and died a few
months later.
Strange Occurences: A Curse?
You Decide!
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Lord Carnarvons brother became blind and later
died during surgery to remove his teeth.
Egyptologist, Aaron Ember, friend of Canarvon
died in a fire a few years later, trying to save a
book he was working on titled, Egyptian Book of
the Dead
Archbald Reed X-rayed his body and became
sick the next day and died 3 days later
Richard Bethell, Howard Carter’s secretary, died
7 years later of a respiratory infection… at 35.
Hugh White, an archaeologist who helped on the
dig, killed himself supposedly out of fear of the
curse
Strange Occurrences: The Truth
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Lord Carnarvon did die shortly after the opening
of the tomb, but is believed to be by a bacterial
infection from a mosquito bite.
Howard Carters pet canary was given away to a
friend and no evidence that was eaten by a cobra
The lights in Cairo typically go out, even today.
Carnarvons dog may have died, but 2 oclock
Egyptian time is different than 2 oclock British
time.
Tombs and mummified bodies can contain mold
spores and bacteria, that if exposed to, can make
people sick.
Hundreds of people were part of uncovering Tut’s
tomb or entered the tomb, only a small number
died.
Howard Carter died almost 20 years later, at 64
Critical Thinking/Writing Assignment
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Think carefully about the information that I
presented to you! Do you believe in the curse of
King Tut?
Read over the hand out.
Write a one paragraph essay on if you believe King
Tut’s Tomb was cursed:
– In your topic sentence state your opinion on if
you believe there is a curse.
– Provide evidence to support your claim. Don’t
just say “things happened.”
– Conclusion should restate your position.
20 points. Due Tuesday. Please type and use MLA
format with Name, Teacher, Period, Date
Critical Thinking/Writing Assignment

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Think carefully about the information that I presented
to you! Do you believe in the curse of King Tut?
Read the hand out
Write an essay on if you believe King Tut’s Tomb was
cursed:
– In your introduction, provide some background
information on King Tut and state your opinion on if
you believe there is a curse(thesis statement).
– In your body, provide evidence to support your
claim. Don’t just say “things happened.” Provide
details!
– Conclusion should remind reader of key points.
20 points plus 10 bonus points for a paper. . Due
Tuesday. Please type and use MLA format with Name,
Teacher, Period, Date
The Second Intermediate Period
1786BC-1550BC
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Hyksos invade and
conquer Egypt
– Horse drawn
chariots
– Bronze weapons
The New Kingdom
1550BC-1070BC
Ahmose leads Egypt and
drives Hyksos out
 Kings create Empire by
capturing Syria and
Palestine
 Hatshepsut rules, she is
a female!
 Attempt to worship one
God, Aten.
 Age of architecture with
statues and cities built.
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Egyptian statues and temples
Egypt Falls
1070BC-1900AD
 Assyrians
defeat Egyptians with iron
weapons
 Later Persian, Greeks, Romans,
Muslims etc. rule over Egypt
 Becomes independent nation in
1900s
Egyptian Contributions
Papyrus, a type of
paper
 Geometry to
measure land
 Calendar
 First doctors
 Building
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Egypt Today
Population
74,033,000
Capital
Cairo; 11,146,000
Area
1,002,000 square kilometers
(386,874 square miles)
Language
Arabic, English, French
Religion
Sunni Muslim, Coptic
Christian
Currency
Egyptian pound
Life Expectancy
68
GDP Per Capita
U.S. $4,000
Literacy Percent
58