Transcript Seven Wonders of Ancient Egypt

WONDERS OF ANCIENT EGYPT
Seven Wonders of Ancient Egypt
Egypt is one of the earliest civilizations on Earth with over 3000 years of ancient
civilization and over 2000 years of modern Egypt which is what we can see
today. The civilization concentrated on the lower reaches of Nile River, which is
the life force for the empire. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization. It's also
a top destination for some of the world's most famous sights and monuments.
Get the scoop on the seven wonders of Egypt.
Great Pyramid of Giza
The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the 3 pyramids in the Giza
Necropolis bordering Cairo, Egypt. It is the only remaining member of the Seven
Wonders of the World and is believed to have been built as a tomb for Fourth Dynasty
Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, constructed over a 20 year period concluding around 2560
BC.
The Great Sphinx
The Great Sphinx of Giza is a large halfhuman, half-lion statue in Egypt, on the
Giza Plateau at the west bank of the Nile
River near Cairo. The commonly used name
"Sphinx" was given to it based on the Greek
creature with the body of a lion, the head
of a woman and the wings of an eagle,
though this sphinx have the head of a man.
Egyptologists believe the Sphinx represents
the likeness of King Khafra, who is also
credited as the builder. This would place
the time of construction somewhere
between 2520 BC and 2494 BC. However,
limited evidence supporting this theory has
made the idea of who built the Sphinx, and
when, the subject of much debate.
The Lighthouse of Alexandria
Also known as the Pharos Lighthouse,
another of the Seven Wonders of the
World. The Lighthouse at Alexandria is
also known as the Pharos of Alexandria.
The city Alexandria was named by
Alexander the Great. It was one of 17
cities that he named after himself, but
Alexandria was one of the few to survive.
It is thought to have been constructed of
limestone blocks. The lowest level of the
lighthouse was 100 feet square and 240
feet high. The second level had eight sides
and was about 115 feet tall. The third
level was a 60 foot high cylinder that had
an opening at the top to allow a space
where the fire burned to light the way for
sailors in the night. On top of this was a
statue in honor of Poseidon, the god of
the sea.
The Valley of the Kings
It is a valley of tombs constructed for pharaohs and powerful nobles of New Kingdom of
ancient Egypt for a period of nearly 500 years from 16th to 11th century BC. The valley is
known to have more than 63 tombs and chambers including the tomb for Tutankhamun and
Ramesses the Great which are decorated with scenes of Egyptian mythology. It is the most
magnificent burial ground in the world with many precious treasures buried along the valley
with the pharaohs and nobles.
Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
It is situated beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari near the Valley of the Kings. Designed by the
architect Senemut, this mortuary temple is dedicated to the Sun God, Amon-Ra. It employs a
lengthy, colonnaded terrace tht deviates from the earlier centralized Mentuhotep temple.
There are three-layered terraces measuring up to 97 feet tall. It is constructed in 1480 BC, over
3400 years ago.
Karnak Temple Complex
It comprises a vast mix of ruined
temples, chapels, pylons, and other
buildings; notably the Temple of Amun
with the Sacred Lake as part of the
magnificent site. It is part of the
monumental city of Thebes and is the
main place of worship of the 18th
Dynasty, Theban Triad with God Amun
as its head. It is the largest ancient
religious site in the world, built in over
3300 years ago. The most interesting
feature of the site is the Great
Hypostyle Hall in the Precint of AmunRe, covering an area of 5000 metres
square with 134 massive columns.
Temple of Ramesses 2, Abu Simbel
It comprises two massive rock
temples in southern Egypt which
were originally carved out of the
mountainside during the reign of
Pharaoh Ramesses 2 in 13th century
BC to commemorate his victory at the
Battle of Kadesh. The great temple is
relocated due to creation of Lake
Nesser, artificial water reservoir. Four
colossal statues of the pharaoh were
erected as the front facade of the
temple.
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