Transcript turkey stew recipe

MANAGEMENT OF DIET OF THE
RRE-DIABETICS, DIABETICS AND
THE OBESE
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Importance of dietary management
• DASH ---• Metabolic syndrome
• Weight reduction and exercise benefits in management of type 2 DM
Obesity ( pre-diabetics , glucose intolerance, DM)
• Exercise improves the peripheral glucose uptake throughout the day(
by opening the noninsulin dependent pathways
Myths about eating
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Negative body image with dieting
Postpartum women must eat heavily
Lemons and lime reduces weight
Tea ( sliming tea)
Left overs must not go waste
Potbellies ----sign of good living
Catch up eating
Children can eat any desired quantity ( childhood obesity in China )
Communal eating
Late evening meals ( husband factor, choice, kakro , chofi)
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Who is what
• Dm………
• Prediabetic……
• Obese …….
BMI
18---------- 25 --------------- Normal
26----------- 30 --------------- Over weight
31----------- 35 --------------- Obese (1st class)
36----------- 40---------------- Obese (2nd class)
CALORIES NEEDED
• Men and women need to consume enough calories to maintain a
healthy body weight and optimize their energy level. However
consuming too many calories on a regular basis leads to obesity.
• The amount of calories an average adult need depends on his size and
the activity level and ranges from 1800 to 3000 calories per day.
ACTIVE INDIVIDUAL
• Active means a lifestyle that includes physical activity equivalent to
walking more than 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition
to the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-to-day life.
• Active individuals age 19 and older need an average of 2000 to 3000
calories per day to maintain a healthy body weight.
• Older persons requires fewer calories than younger individuals who
lead the same type of active lifestyle.
• Athletes who engage in vigorous physical activity, especially
endurance sports can require 3000 calories or more per day.
MODERATELY ACTIVE individual
• Moderately active means a lifestyle that include physical activity
equivalent to walking about 1.5 to 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per
hour, in addition to the light physical activity associated with typical
day-to-day life.
• Moderately active individuals needs 2200 to 2800 calories each day to
maintain a healthy body weight.
SEDENTARY INDIVIDUAL
Sedentary means a lifestyle that includes only the light physical activity
associated with typical day-to-day life.
Average sedentary individuals need 2000 to 2600 calories per day
More especially sedentary persons age 19 to 30 need 2400 to 2600
calories, 31 to 50yrs old require 2200 to 2400calories and sedentary
individuals above age 50 need 1800 to 2200calories each day to
maintain a healthy body weight.
EATING GUIDELINE
1. Eat what the family eats; specially prepared foods are not
necessary.
2. Eat 3 meals a day about the same volume at the same time
everyday.
3. Allow 4-5 hours between meals. Take 10-20 minutes to eat a meal
4. Insulin injections and diabetes tablets except metformin should be
taken 30 minutes before meals. Metformin should be take with
meals.
5. Use salt in cooking but none should be added when eating.
6. No fasting even on religious grounds
MEALS PLANNING
• Diet for diabetic is not just a diet that is free from sugar.
• A diabetic diet is a balanced healthy diet with appropriate mixture of
carbohydrate, protein and fats that provide essential nutrients as well
as creating an even/constant release of glucose into the blood of a
diabetic patient.
• The goals of achieving control of blood glucose level are similar to
that of a person without diabetes.
• To help make healthy choices of food easy, all foods have been
arranged into three steps. A healthy day’s menu is to be made of
choices from all three steps to produce a balance diet.
STEP 1-STARCH, VEGETABLES AND FRUITS
• STARCHES: Fufu, kenkey, banku, akple, omo tuo, kokonte, brobe, cocoyam,
gari, bread, cassava, plantain, yam and rice. (Eat enough to satisfy and keep
blood sugar and weight well controlled) 3-4 serving daily.
• VEGETABLES: Okro, garden eggs, tomatoes, aleefu, ayoyo, kontomire,
cassava leaves, sweet potato leaves, onions, pepper, green beans, cabbage,
carrots, lettuce, cucumber. (Eat as desire) 2-3 choices daily.
• FRESH FRUITS: Oranges, pawpaw, watermelon, mango, pineapple, apple,
grape fruit, tangerine. (One fresh fruit or one slice)
STEP 2-ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PROTEIN
• All types of meat, all types of fish, chicken and beans,
Examples of one serving/meal:
1. Joint chicken
2. 1-3 Matchbox size meat
3. 1 medium fish/1 egg/ 2-3 stewing spoons beans. 2-3 serving daily.
STEP 3-FATS AND OILS
• EXAMPLES: Palm oil, frytol, margarine, avocado
Examples of one serving/meal
1 matchbox size sheabutter
3soup ladleful oily soup (palm soup)
2-3 serving daily
WHY DIETARY MANAGEMENT FREQUENTLY
FAILS FOR SOME PEOPLE
1. High expectation to loose weight over a short period.
2. “Boxed Inn Syndrome”
a. Medical condition like cardiovascular problems, osteoarthritis
b. mobbed obesity
3. Over reliance on group therapy.
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WATCH AND AVOID!!!
High sugar, high fat, high salty foods – they are not healthy foods.
(some are allowed
only at emergencies)
1. Sugar, glucose, honey, syrup, jam, marmalade, sweet condensed milk, toffee,
chocolate, cakes, pies, tarts.
2.
Soft drinks, example – coca-cola, pepsi-cola, lucozade, malt, malta guinness, lemonade
and other fizzy sweetened drinks.
3.
4.
Tin/canned foods, example tin/canned fruits.
Alcohol, all type example: beer, Guinness, and spirits.
5.
Other: matured coconuts.
6.
Fatty meat: turkey tail,
7.
Flavour booster with mono sodium glutamate like maggi, A1, royco, etc
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YOUR DAILY MENU
7 – 8 am Break fast:
Kooko
Ricewater
Oats
Bread
Koose
Masa
5 soup ladles
3 soup ladles
2 ½ soup ladles with:
3 sardine tin sizes or
2 large ones
3 small ones
10:00 SNACK: Eg. 1 orange /1 banana /1 apple /1 slice of pineapple/ 1 slice
of bread.
BREAK FAST & SNACK
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12 – 1pm Lunch
Soup or stew with little oil plus any of the following
Rice
-2 soup ladles (heaped)
Kenkey/banku/tuo zaafi
-1 Large orange size
Yam
-3 Saedine tin sizes
Apem
-3 Fingers
Apantu
-2 Fingers
Cocoyam
-3 Medium ones
Gari
-1 Soup ladle levelled
3 pm SNACK: Same as 10 am
5 – 6 pm SUPPER: Same as lunch
BEDTIME: One sardine tin size of bread plus teabag or natural cocoa powder
LUNCH OR SUPPER
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NOTE
CONCLUTION
• AT LEAST 30 MUNITES BRISK WALKING EVERY DAY
THANK YOU.
YOU CAN BE LIKE ME, TAKE YOUR DIET AND
EXERCISE SERIOUSLY