Transcript Ch. 6 Eating Disorder

Chapter 6
Maintaining a healthy weight
Fad Diets and Eating Disorders
Pgs. 144-156
• Body image-the way you see your body.
• Body Mass Index (BMI)-is a ratio that allows you
to assess your body size in relation to your height
and weight.
• Overweight- a condition in which a person is
heavier than the standard weight range for his or
her height.
• Underweight-a condition in which a person is less
than the standard weight according to his or her
height.
• Obesity-Having an excess amount of body fat.
– A sedentary lifestyle contributes to Obesity
• Most weight lost on fad diet is regained
• Fail to provide body with nutrients it needs for
health and growth
• Limit foods and food variety
• Claim to help lose weight to quickly (more than 2
lbs. a week)
• Promise to help you lose weight without giving
up “fatty” foods or exercise
• If it sounds to good to be true-it probably is.
• Yo-yo syndrome or weight cycling is NOT and
effective way to manage weight.
Examples of fad diets:
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Atkins
Grapefruit Diet
Liquid Diet
Cabbage Soup Diet
Zone Diet
South Beach Diet
Paleo diet
Vegan Diet
30 day challenges
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/5847.php
Liquid Diets
• Can cause serious health problems and even
death
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
requires these products to carry warning
labels
• Only to be used with close medical
supervision
Diet Pills
• Suppress appetite
• May cause drowsiness,
anxiety, racing heart
• May be addictive
• Some cause body to lose
water; dehydration
May be brought on by:
• Poor body image
• History of being teased about weight
• Family history of physical or sexual abuse
• Social or family pressures
• Perfectionism
• 90% female
• Serious health problem; and those who
suffer need professional help.
• It is believed that a child’s body image is
determined by age 6.
• Mental illness
Education is truly the key to
prevention. Awareness helps
those at risk AVOID mistaken or
judgmental attitudes about food,
weight, and body shape.
Effective prevention also includes:
• Developing self-esteem in other areas besides
physical appearance. Examples?
• Becoming a critical viewer of the media and its
messages about self-esteem and body image.
• Discouraging the idea that a particular weight
or body size will lead to happiness and
fulfillment.
Anorexia Nervosa - irrational fear of
becoming obese results in severe
weight loss from self-starvation and
excessive weight loss.
-One out of 100 adolescent
girls develop anorexia.
-has consequences similar to
malnutrition and starvation
Anorexia Nervosa
• Psychological disorder with emotional and
physical consequences
• Genetics may play a role
• Obsession with exercising and calories
• Unnatural interest in food
• Distorted body image (think they are fat; no
matter their size)
• Denial of eating problem
• Feel only control in their life is their weight.
Self-portrait of 16-year-old female
with anorexia. (4’11”, 72 lb.)
Signs and symptoms:
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Noticeable weight loss
Fatigue
Always being cold
Irregular or loss of menstruation
Fainting spells
Self-worth determined by what is or is not eaten
Denial of hunger
Low self esteem
How to identify anorexia:
• Development of food rituals ex: breaking food
into small pieces, eating foods in certain orders,
excessive chewing, rearranging food on plate.
• Consistent excuses to avoid mealtime
• Irritability
• Dry, thin lackluster hair
• Fine body hair (lanugos)
• Ashen or dry skin
• Chipping, weak, brittle nails
Medical complications:
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Dehydration
Irregular heartbeat
Constipation
Osteoporosis
Infertility
Cardiac arrest and death
Eating Disorder Statistics
• Eating Disorders are estimated to affect 1 to 5%
of the general population.
• 1% Anorexia Nervosa
• 5-8% Bulimia Nervosa
• 1 million males and 10 million females struggle
with eating disorders
• 50,000 of these individuals will die as a direct
result of their Eating Disorder
• Many cases go unreported due to the
secretiveness, shame and guilt.
The Drive for Thinness
• 80% of American women are
unhappy with their appearance.
• Anorexia Nervosa is one of the
most common psychiatric
diseases diagnosed in young
women.
Dieting
• 51% of 9 to 10 year old girls feel better
about themselves if they are on a diet.
• 46% of 9 to 11 year old girls are on a diet;
82% of their families are on diets.
• 25% of American men and 45% of
American women are on a diet on any
given day.
Illinois Department of Public Health
Bulimia Nervosa - disorder in which some
form of purging or clearing of the digestive
tract follows cycle of overeating.
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Vomit, take laxatives; or extreme exercise
Binge can range from 1,000 to 10,000 calories
Food is source of comfort
Striving for approval
Signs and symptoms
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Secretive eating
Bathroom visits after eating
Weight fluctuations
Mood swings
Severe self-criticism
Tooth decay, tooth discoloration
Tearing of esophagus, stomach and mouth
Abrasions on back of hands and knuckles
Cardiac arrest or death
Low Self Esteem
Continued….
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Heartburn
Bloating
Irregular periods
Weakness; exhaustion
Dehydration
Bloodshot eyes
Sore throat
Depression
Withdrawal from friends
Binge eating disorder- a disorder
characterized by compulsive overeating.
• Consuming large amounts of foods but do not
try to purge
• May be a signal the use of food as a coping
mechanism for strong emotions or
depression.
• Weight gain
• Feeling guilty or shame
• Belief that life will be better if they lose weight
Medical complications:
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Obesity
Diabetes
High blood pressure
High cholesterol
Cardiac arrest or death
• First, let person know you care about them.
Ultimate goal is to get professional help.
• Talk in private at appropriate time.
• The more evidence you have, harder it will be
for the person to deny.
• Be sensitive to the fact they may be
embarrassed or ashamed.
• Let them verbalize their feelings/time to talk.
• Let them know you want to help with whatever
you can.
• Do not try to be a hero.
• In lieu of using “you” accusations, express
concern using “I” statements.
Treatment strategies:
• The Earlier an Eating Disorder is discovered
and addressed, the better the chance of
recovery.
• Treatment varies by individual
• Counseling
• Nutritional counseling
• Medication (some cases tube feedings)
• Models are thinner than 98% of
women
• Average model is 5’7” and 117 lbs.
• Most models (according to medical
standards) are 15% below expected
body weight.
• We spend BILLIONS of dollars on diets
each year.
• No one food will make you fat, as long
as it is eaten in moderation.
 Thigh gap: is to become so slender that a person’s thighs don't touch
even when their feet are together.
 Specialists say achieving a so-called "thigh gap" is risky and virtually
impossible.
 But some exceptionally thin models have the gap, which is upheld
as a beauty achievement on countless Tumblr pages, blogs and
other social media sites.
 proud2bme.org
Eating Disorder Web Sites
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www.about-face.org
www.eatright.org
www.psych.org
www.rch.unimelb.edu.au/BIHInc/
www.eatingdisorder.org
www.eatingdisordersanonymous.org
www.edap.org
www.therapistfinder.net