Transcript Meaning of death - School Based Behavioral Health

Bereavement in Childhood
What Might Happen
What is bereavement?
• 1) feeling sad due to the death of a
family member or friend;
• 2) a family member or friend died
recently.
Merriam-Webster dictionary
Meaning of death
Age (years old) Meaning of death
3-5
Does not understand what death is
6-8
Understand death is permanent.
9-11
Ask for more information and show anger.
12-14
Display no feeling about it. Talk about deceased without
problems.
15-17
Feel overwhelmed. Start to show empathy and
thoughtfulness.
Black, 2005
Why important?
• After the experience of bereavement,
individuals are more likely to show:
– External problem
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lower school performance or school failure
socioeconomic disadvantages
risky behaviors
lower developmental competence
Why important?
• After the experience of bereavement,
individuals are more likely to show:
– Internal mental problem
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PTSD symptoms
depression or depressive symptoms
anxiety disorders
extreme distress
Influences
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Ages
Genders
Who is the one died
How the person died
Time
How close they were
Personality
Postdeath supports
References
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Auman, M. J. (2007). Bereavement support for children. The Journal of School
Nursing, 23(1), 34-39.
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Bereavement. (n.d.). In Webster Dictionary online. Retrieved from http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/bereavement
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Berg, L., Rostila, M., Saarela, J., & Hjern, A. (2014). Parental death during childhood and
subsequent school performance. Pediatrics, 133(4), 682-689.
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Black, S. (2005). Research: How teachers and counselors can reach out to bereaved
students. When children grieve. American School Board Journal, 192(8), 28–30.
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Boelen, P. A., & Spuij, M. (2013). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in bereaved
children and adolescents: Factor structure and correlates. Journal of Abnormal Child
Psychology, 41(7), 1097-108.
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Brent, D., Melhem, N., Donohoe, M. B., & Walker, M. (2009). The incidence and course of
depression in bereaved youth 21 months after the loss of a parent to suicide, accident, or
sudden natural death. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(7), 786-794.
References
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Brent, D., Melhem, N., Masten, A., Porta, G., & Payne, M. (2012). Longitudinal
effects of parental bereavement on adolescent developmental
competence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41(6), 778-791.
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Gray, L. B., Weller, R. A., Fristad, M., & Weller, E. B. (2011). Depression in
children and adolescents two months after the death of a parent. Journal of
Affective Disorders, 135(1-3), 277-283.
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Hensley, P. L., & Clayton, P. J. (2008). Bereavement: Signs, symptoms, and
course. Psychiatric Annals, 38(10), 649-654.
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Little, M., Sandler, I. N., Wolchik, S. A., Tein, J., & Ayers, T. S. (2009).
Comparing cognitive, relational and stress mechanisms underlying gender
differences in recovery from bereavement-related internalizing
problems. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 38(4), 486-500.
Useful links
• American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
https://www.afsp.org/
• School-based behavioral health
http://www.sbbh.pitt.edu/
• The Center for Grieving Children
http://www.grievingchildren.org
• Circle Camps for Grieving Children
http://www.circlecamps.org
• National Alliance for Grieving Children
http://nationalallianceforgrievingchildren.org/