Transcript Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Treatment of
Psychological
Disorders
Desirée Adams
04/09/09
What we’ll cover
• Misconceptions of Therapy
• Types of Therapy
• Psychoanalysis
• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy
• Eclecticism
Misconceptions
about Therapy
• Video: Analyze This
• All “talk therapy” while laying on a couch
• Therapist dominated (therapist knows
more about you than you know about
yourself)
• Must be in therapy for years
• People in therapy are “weak”
• One “a-ha” moment that solves all of
your problems
Psychoanalysis
• Freud was the first formal
therapist (physician)
• Insight therapy (aka Talk therapy)
• Talking about emotions “cured”
physical problems
• Gain insight into self by exposing
unconscious thoughts
• Free Association, Dream Analysis
• Insight therapy today
Cognitive-Behavioral
Therapy
How CBT came about
• Spawned from Behavior Therapy
• 1950’s – 1970’s –Behaviorism movement
• Focused on overt behaviors
• Based on Learning Theories
• Therapists attempt to change behaviors based on
classical, operant , and observational learning
• Cognitive Therapy
• 1980’s – current – Cognition movement
• Focused on thoughts, thinking errors
• Therapists attempt to change maladaptive thoughts
CBT
• Cognitive = “cognitions” or “thoughts”
• The way you THINK and what you THINK
• Behavioral = behaviors/actions
• What you DO and how you ACT
• Use combinations of verbal/insight interventions
with behavioral modifications to change
maladaptive beliefs which often lead to
maladaptive behaviors
CBT Techniques
• Cognitive aspects:
• Identify negative maladaptive thought
patterns (like bad habits - automatic)
• How? Thought records
• Challenge thoughts
• How? Reality testing/providing evidence
• Create rational rebuttals to irrational
thoughts
• How? Specific statements based on evidence
• Thought disorders (i.e., Schizophrenia)
• Challenge thoughts
• Remove aversive reaction to delusions
Activity Time!
Cognitive Restructuring in Action
• Mr. Laurie has recently
announced he has “mild
depression.” I guess Dr.
House is rubbing off on him.
Let’s help him with some
cognitive restructuring!
• Using the handout provided,
give an example of:
• Emotion tied to the event
• Automatic/irrational
thought
• Rational response
CBT Techniques
• Behavioral Aspects – Depends upon disorder
• Anxiety symptoms
• Muscle relaxation, sleep diary/sleep hygiene,
social skills training
• Depressive symptoms
• Behavioral activation, pleasant events
schedule, sleep diary/sleep hygiene
• Schizophrenia
• Social skills, behavior modification with
token economy (hygiene, social activities)
CBT Techniques
• Homework Assignments!!
• Sports Team analogy
• If you want to see improvement, you
need to practice outside of session
• Cognitive- and behavioral-based
assignments (thought records, sleep
diaries/sleep hygiene, social skills)
CBT video
• Aaron Beck treating client using CBT
methods
• What techniques are being used?
• Note the client’s reactions
Mindfulness Based
Therapy
Mindfulness-Based
Therapy
• Recent adaptation of cognitive
therapy
• View thoughts as mental events
• Decenter from thoughts
• “I am not my thoughts”
• Meditation
• Effective for recurrent depression
Eclecticism
Eclecticism
• Most psychologists practice
“eclecticism”
• “Melting pot” of therapies – combining
techniques from different types of
therapy into one that will work best for
the client.
• CBT often serves as a basis for most therapy
strategies, but other techniques are
incorporated
• Example: Using Free Association to discover the
content and type of negative thought patterns
You Be the
Psychologist!!
• JA was self-referred to the Psychology
Clinic to address complaints of
depression.
• Develop a treatment plan based on
her clinical presentation and your
understanding of appropriate
treatment for such symptoms.
Resources
• The University of Alabama’s
Counseling Center is open to students
and is a great resource. Website:
• http://www.sa.ua.edu/Counseling/couns
eling.html
• Location: 225 Russell Hall
• Phone Number: 205.348.3863