Transcript Nervous System - Net Start Class

1. Receives stimuli 3.CONTROLS TH
E
Body
from inside and
outside the body
2. Sends messages to
respond to the stimuli
it receives
CENTRAL
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
 It
sends messages by
sending electricity through
the nerves.
Brain – Controls body functions
Spinal Cord – Transmits information
to and from the brain
Is divided into 2 parts:
1. Somatic NS –Sends
information between
the brain and the
muscles.
2. Autonomic NS —
controls the internal
organs and glands
Maintains balance in the body because
one part of your nervous system,
sympathetic, sends signals to the
other systems that there is danger and
the parasympathetic part of the
system tells your systems when to
turn the warning off.
Nervous and
MuscularNerves respond
to stimuli and
send signals to
your muscles to
contract.
Nervous and
Endocrine
Work together as
your body’s
communication
system
Endocrine=long
term
Nervous=short
term
Internal stimulus
External stimulus
Scared
Touching a hot stove
Response
Response
Heart beats faster, breathing is
Moving your hand
faster (triggers the response of
many systems)
MR. FROG
HUMANS
MR. FROG




Consists of a brain, a
spinal cord, and nerves.
10 cranial nerves that
originate in the brain.
10 pairs of spinal nerves.
Cerebrum is very small.
HUMANS




Consists of a brain, a
spinal cord, and nerves.
10 cranial nerves that
originate in the brain.
30 pairs of spinal
nerves.
Cerebrum is very large.
Well, there are so many to choose from that
affect your brain and/or nerves. Here’s just
a few.
Same guy, a
few minutes
later.
Fortunately, he
didn’t suffer any
long-term
paralysis, but he
DID have a
concussion.
(1.) A concussion happens when the skull slams
into the
brain, “shocking” it. This happens when the brain sits still
(ouch for thisdue
guy)
to inertia, but a hit moves the head very fast.
President Reagan and Charlton Heston
both suffered from Alzheimer’s.
Here’s a truly sad and tragic one. As some people age, their brain cells
stop communicating with each other, causing memory loss. This is
known as (2.) Alzheimer’s Disease (not “old timer’s disease”).
This almost always is found elderly people, and the cause is not really
well-understood. There is no cure, and the only treatment seems to be
the patience and understanding of the sufferer’s loved ones.
Imagine leaving the house and not remembering why you left in the
first place, then forgetting which house was yours, and simply feeling
totally, helplessly lost. Imagine opening your eyes from a nap and
not having a clue who your own daughter or husband were as they
sat next to you. Hopefully, someday there will be a cure for this.
Imagine your hand shaking uncontrollably…eating with a fork or
tying your shoes is so frustrating and uncomfortable…and embarrassing.
Eventually you have a hard time making your mouth and tongue form
the sounds of words you’re trying to speak. This is the effects of (3.)
Parkinson’s Disease.
This is a disease caused by brain damage that causes loss of muscular
control & coordination.
Michael J. Fox and
Muhammad Ali.
You really only get one brain. There’s no brain “transplant” either.
When you kill those brain cells, they don’t magically repair themselves, usually. So TAKE CARE OF IT! Think of Ozzy!
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1. Glands secrete
hormones to the
blood stream that:
*regulate mood
*growth &
development
*metabolism
*sexual function and
processes
Let’s define “hormone.”
1.hormones – chemicals that travel through blood and
control how other organs function.
Examples:
growth hormone,
adrenaline
This guy probably is
pumped full of
adrenaline
Robert Wadlow was
7’4” as a 13-year-old
and reached 8’11” all
told.
Pituitary—secretes 8 different
hormones that control the other
endocrine glands. Called
“master gland”
Adrenal GlandReleases hormones for fight or
flight response
PancreasReleases insulin to regulate blood
sugar
Testes(males) Ovaries (females)Releases reproductive hormones
ENDOCRINE AND
REPRODUCTIVE

Glands secrete
hormones
related in
child birth
and sex
organs
ENDOCRINE AND
SKELETAL

Pituitary gland
releases
chemicals for
growth
This system maintains
homeostasis by
releasing hormones to
regulate metabolism
and body
temperature (your
thermostat).
Internal stimulus
Metabolism slows down
Response
Hormones are released to
speed up metabolism
External stimulus
Stress
Response
Hormones are released to
deal with stress
MR. FROG
HUMANS
Fine-tuning and controlling other organs is a tricky, tricky thing for
endocrine glands to master. There are hundreds of disorders that are
caused when hormones get out of balance. Really smart doctors, known
as endocrinologists, get paid big bucks to figure out how to fix such
situations.
If you’ve ever paid attention to salt containers at the store, you’ll notice
they almost always brag about being “iodized.”
The reason is that getting just enough iodine (element 53 on the P.
Table, by the way) keeps your thyroid gland happy and prevents a
condition called goiter.
(boy, it’s good
to live in the
U.S. of A.)
1. goiter – swollen thyroid due to lack of iodine in diet
Chances are you know somebody, maybe several people, who have
diabetes. 2. Diabetes is a disease where the pancreas makes little or
no insulin (so your body has a hard time using blood sugar). There are
many causes of diabetes, and it is very often genetic.
What does having this sugar in your blood do to
you? Well, your blood doesn’t flow and function
smoothly, so circulation problems will soon arise.
Diabetes can cause eye & skin problems, poor
circulation, and organ failure. It IS a treatable
condition, as diabetics can give them-selves insulin
(or eat a candy bar if their blood sugar gets too
low). However, there is no cure.
Could you live without this system???
Goodness, no! There are thousands of hormones your body makes, and
each of them contributes to your growth, repair, and day-to-day
functioning as a human being.
If you just turned Joe’s endocrine glands “off,”
within a minute he’d probably start to feel
weird. It wouldn’t be much longer that he goes
unconscious and dies from a total breakdown of
homeostasis.
This body system is ALL about homeostasis. The glands send out a
little hormone and then have the ability to sense when they need to
slow down or stop altogether.
The endocrine system can respond to all sorts of stimuli, small and
large. If you are in the sun, you will release lipotropin to produce
melanin. If you wake up and see this guy standing next to you…
…your adrenal glands will immediately
release adrenaline, which shuts down all
your body functions that won’t help you
survive the next 5 minutes and speeds up
your heart and breathing rates. You’ll be
ready to fight or run away in terror.