Transcript The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System
Chapter 18. Lesson 1
Endocrine Glands

Ductless-or tubelessorgans or group of cells
that secrete hormones
directly into the
bloodstream

Hormones are chemical
substances that are
produced in glands and
help regulate many of
your body’s functions
 Hormones
produced during
puberty trigger physical
changes in the body.
Pituitary Gland



Regulates and controls
the activities of all of
the other endocrine
glands
Known as the master
gland
3 sections

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Anterior
Intermediate
posterior
Adrenal Glands


Help the body recover from
stress and respond to
emergencies
Have 2 parts

Adrenal cortex

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Sodium, urine, blood
volume&pressure,
metabolism of fat, protein
& carbohydrates
Adrenal medulla

Heartbeat, respiration,
blood pressure, digestive
system
Problems of the Endocrine
System


Diabetes- disorder in
which the pancreas
produces too little or no
insulin resulting in high
glucose levels
Symptoms include
fatigues, weight loss,
thirst, and frequent
urination
Graves Disease
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Hyperthyroidism
Overactive and enlarged
thyroid glands produce
excessive amounts of
thyroxine.
Symptoms include
nervousness, weight loss,
increased thirst, rapid
heartbeat and intolerance for
heat
Low production of thyroxine is
hypothyroidism. Causes
fatigue, dry skin, weight gain,
constipation and sensitivity to
cold
Cushing’s Disease

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Overproduction of
adrenal hormones
Symptoms include
round face, humped
upper back, thin and
easily bruised skin, and
fragile bones
Can occur in dogs too
Goiter

Enlargment of the
thyroid gland, caused
by lack of iodine in the
diet.

Since we have iodized
salt, goiters have
become rare in the U.S.
Growth Disorders

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Caused by abnormal
amounts of growth
hormone
With early diagnosis
and proper treatment a
child with a growth
disorder can reach a
normal height
Acromegaly & Gigantism

Acromegaly is different than
gigantism, although both
conditions can have a similar
cause. Acromegaly occurs in
adulthood, when the long bones of
the legs and arms have stopped
growing. Gigantism occurs in
childhood. People affected by
gigantism can grow to great
heights. One of the best-known
examples is "Andre the Giant"
(Andre Rousimoff), who was 6 feet
3 inches by age 12, and reached a
height of 8 feet 4 inches in
adulthood. Men and women are
equally affected by acromegaly.