Transcript The Endocrine System

4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine
system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine
system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands
Hormones
What do they do?
What do they do?
Target Organ/Cells
How do they get to
where they need to go?
What are they?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Glands secrete
hormones
Hormones


What are they?
What are some
examples of target
organs/cells?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
Nervous System

Sympathetic nervous
system:
How does it effect the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Hormone Control
What is negative feedback?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal cortex
Corticoids:
What is the function of
corticoids?
Androgens:
What do androgens do?
Who has them?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine:
How does epinephrine effect
the body?
Norepinephrine:
Compare epinephrine to
norepinephrine.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Ovaries (female)
Estrogen:
What does it do?
Progesterone:
What does it do?
Compare the function of
estrogen to progesterone.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Gonads
Testes (male)
Testosterone:
What is the function of
testosterone?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid Glands
Parathormone
What does parathormone
do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
(Islets of Langerhans)
Insulin



What does insulin do?
What factors influence its
production?
What is its relevance to
your health?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland (Master Gland)
Two Lobes (Anterior and Posterior)
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
What is the function of ACTH?
Follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Discuss the function of FSH.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Growth hormone
What does it do?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What does it do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Anterior Lobe)
Prolactin
What is the function of prolactin?
Thyroid-stimulating
hormone (TSH)
What is the function of TSH?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary gland
(Posterior Lobe)
Vasopressin
What does it do?
Oxytocin
What does it do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thymus Gland
T-lymphocyte production
What are they?
What do they do?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Functions of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine
What does thyroxine
do?
Calcitonin
What is the function of
calcitonin?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Cortex
Addison's disease
What is the cause of Addison’s
disease? Low function of adrenal
gland
What are the most common
symptoms of Addison’s disease?
Skin bronzing, low blood lucose and
low blood pressure
How is Addison’s disease treated?
Hormone replacement
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Before
Adrenal Cortex
Cushing's Syndrome
What is a syndrome? Clinically recognizable
features noticed by someone other than the pt
What are some common symptoms of
Cushing’s syndrome?
Moon face and buffalo hump
How is Cushing’s syndrome treated?
Remove tumor or stop prednisone use
Compare the before and after pictures at the
right.
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
After
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Glands
Steroid Abuse
in Sports
What are the risks?
Males: cardiovascular
disease, liver changes,
shrinking testicles, breast
enlargement
Females: abnormal hair
growth, amenorrhea
Why is it illegal?
Health risk outweigh
the benefits
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus
What is the normal blood
sugar range?
What are the most common
symptoms?
Define these terms:
polyuria
polyphagia
polydipsia
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Mellitus
(Type I)
How is it treated?
What age group is most
commonly effected?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pancreas
Diabetes Type II
Compare Type I to Type II
diabetes
How is Type II diabetes treated?
Discuss some of the complications
of diabetes?
Why does this happen?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Acromegaly:
excess secretion of
growth hormone
Compare acromegaly to
gigantism.
How is acromegaly treated?
Inhibit growth hormone
secretion
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Growth Hormone
Deficiency
(childhood)
What are some common
symptoms? Small stature
and sexual immaturity
How is it treated? Injection
of human growth hormone
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Pituitary Gland
Gigantism
What causes gigantism?
Increased function of
pituitary gland
What are the symptoms?
Excessively tall
How is it treated?
Same as acromegaly
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Parathyroid
Tetany
(hypoparathyroid):
What are the symptoms?
twitching
What are the treatments?
Vitamin D, calcium and
parathormone
Discuss complications of
tetany.
Respiratory death 4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hyperthyroidism
What does hyper- mean?
excessive
Discuss the symptoms of
hyperthyroidism.
Loss of weight and body fat,
Hot flashes, goiter, bulging of
eyes
How is it treated?
Total or partial removal of thyroid
and meds to reduce secretion
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
Disorders of the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Thyroid Gland
Hypothyroidism
Compare hypo- to hyper-.
Discuss the symptoms of
hypothyroidism.
Dry, itchy skin, dry brittle hair,
muscle spasms
How is it treated?
Thyroid hormone
supplementation
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system
4.04 Understand the Functions and Disorders of
the
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
What are some disorders of the endocrine system?
How do you relate the body’s hormones to the
endocrine system?
4.04 Understand the functions and disorders
of the endocrine system