Transcript EPOB 3430 4/24/03

IPHY 3430 4-211
Final: May 21,71:30 pm,
Mandatory for all
Last day to question grades posted on CU Learn
for 2nd and 3rd exams is this Friday, 5 pm.
Review session Thursday, 7:30 am
Regular office hours this week
Endocrine System
the “other” regulatory system
It interacts with nervous system in many ways-1. NS causes release of some hormones
2. Hormones can act as neuromodulators
3. Endocrine system may use sensory system
of nervous system
4. Endocrine and NS can affect the same
organs (digestive and circulatory)
Characteristics
anatomical relation
chemical messenger
distance of action
specificity
speed
duration
Nervous
Endocrine
neurons “wired” dispersed
neurotransmitters hormones
synaptic cleft
long distance
post-synaptic
target cell
neuron
receptors
rapid
slow
short
long
Endocrine Glands:
Hypothalamus
Adrenal Gland
Ovaries
Stomach
Liver
Adipose tissue
Pituitary
Pancreas
Testes
Small Int.
Thymus
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Kidney
Placenta
Heart
Hormones
Chemicals produced by one organ (tissue) in
the body for regulation, communication or
other effects on other tissues in the body
(except gastrin).
Hormones travel through the blood.
Types of Hormones
Peptides and Proteins (water soluble)
Amines (water soluble or fat soluble)
Steroids (fat soluble)
Hypothalamus-Pituitary complex
Anterior lobe--hormones manufactured in the
pituitary, hypothalamus regulates their secretion
by varying blood-borne neuropeptide secretion
Posterior lobe--hormones manufactured in the
hypothalamus, and secretion is regulated by
action potentials from the hypothalamus.
Posterior Lobe hormones
hypothalamus
pituitary
Vasopressin (ADH)--increase permeability of collecting duct
to water, causes vasoconstriction of arterioles
Oxytocin--contraction of uterus, ejection of milk from breasts
during nursing, facilitates emotional bonding
Anterior Lobe Secretion
1.Hypothalamus releases hypophysiotropic
hormones into hypothalamo-hypophysial portal
system.
2. These hormones bind to receptors on specific
cells in pituitary, causing or inhibiting the release of
the hormone produced by this cell.
Anterior Lobe Hormones-1. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Stimulates synthesis and release of thyroxin
from thyroid gland.
Synthesis of thyroxin requires iodine
Effects of thyroxin--1.control of metabolic rate,
2. increases effectiveness of SNS by
stimulating increase of NE receptors
3. Synergistic with growth hormone
4. Effects on carbohydrate, fat and protein
metabolism
Adreno-cortical tropic hormone (ACTH)
Adrenal medulla (epinephrine by SNS stim)
Adrenal cortex--cortical hormones
steroids
1. Aldosterone (not under control of ACTH)
2. Glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone,
etc)
Glucocorticoids
1. Stimulates gluconeogenesis
2. Inhibits glucose uptake by many tissues, but
not brain
3. Stimulates protein breakdown
4. Increase blood glucose concentration
5. Stimulates lipolysis
6. Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive
7. Responsive to stress