Transcript The Skeletal System

PARTS OF THE SKULL
Part 2: Facial Skeleton
OBJECTIVES
• Be able to locate and identify the
bones and the major features of the
bones that comprise the skull
• Be able to describe the distinguishing
features between males and females
in the features of the skull
ANTERIOR VIEW OF FACIAL SKELETON
LATERAL VIEW OF FACIAL SKELETON
THE FACIAL SKELETON
• Thirteen bones are immovable
• The lower jaw is the only movable part
• Forms the basic shape of the face,
provides attachments for muscles that
move the jaw, and controls facial
expressions
BONES OF THE FACIAL SKELETON
• Maxillae
• Palatine bones
• Zygomatic bones
• Lacrimal bone
• Nasal bones
• Vomer bone
• Inferior nasal conchae
• Mandible
MAXILLAE
• Forms the upper jaw
• Portions of the maxillary bones
compose the anterior roof of the
mouth (hard palate), the floors of the
orbits, and the sides and floor of the
nasal cavity
• Contains the sockets for the upper
teeth
• There is also a set of maxillary sinuses
PALATINE BONES
• L-shaped bones located behind the
maxillae
• The horizontal portions form the posterior
part of the hard palate and the nasal
cavity floor
• The perpendicular portions help form the
nasal cavity’s lateral walls
PALATINE BONES
ZYGOMATIC BONES
• Are responsible for the prominences of
the cheeks below and to the sides of the
eyes
• Also help to form the lateral walls and
floors of the orbits
• Each one has a temporal process, which
extends posteriorly to join the zygomatic
process of the temporal bone
LACRIMAL BONE
• Is a thin, scale-like structure located
in the medial wall of each orbit
between the ethmoid bone and the
maxilla
• A groove in its anterior portion
provides a path way for the channel
that carries tears
NASAL BONES
• Are long, thin, and nearly rectangular
• They lie side by side and are fused at
the midline, where the bridge of the
nose is formed
• They also are attachments for the
cartilaginous tissues that form the
shape of your nose
VOMER BONE
• Is a thin, flat bone located along the
midline within the nasal cavity
• It is joined to the perpendicular plate
of the ethmoid bone posteriorly
• The vomer bone and the
perpendicular plate together make
up your nasal septum
INFERIOR NASAL CONCHAE
• Are fragile, scroll shaped bones
attached to the lateral walls of the
nasal cavity
• They are the largest of the conchae
• They are below the superior and
middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid
bone
• They support mucous membranes in
the nasal cavity as well
MANDIBLE
• Is the lower jawbone
• It is a horizontal, horseshoe-shaped body with a
flat ramus projecting upward at each end
• The rami are divided into posterior mandibular
condyle and an anterior coronoid process
• The mandibular condyles articulate with the
mandibular fossae of the temporal bones
• The coronoid process provides attachments
for muscles used in chewing
• On the medial side of the mandible, is a
mandibular foramen
• This opening admits blood vessels and a
nerve, which supply the roots of the lower
teeth