Transcript marking the start and the end of an artery 3) Branches

ARTERY
1.General Description
2.Blood Vessels of Pulmonary Circulation
3. Arteries of Systemic Circulation
Guo Ling, MD,PhD
Department of Anatiomy
General Description
1.Organ-Extrinsic Distribution Patterns of Artery
1) A main A-trunk lies in a certain part of body
2) Part: marking the start and the end of an artery
3) Branches (1st ,2nd, 3rd… in grade, from a large D
to a small D)
Parietal and visceral branches exist in the trunk.
4) Symmetrical or bilateral arrangements
5) Accompanied with V and N
The purpose is to better understand the name, main
branches and specific supply targets of an artery.
2. Organ-Intrinsic Distribution
Patterns of the Artery
Radiated
distribution
Transversal
distribution
Longitudinal
distribution
Hilum
Entry
Point
entry
3. Patterns of Anastomoses of Arteries
Some parts of the body build up arterial anastomoses to ensure constant
blood supply to the specific areas or organs because these regions or organs
often change their shape or are pressed & their blood flow is affected.
Communicating
branches
Arterial arch
Network
Arteriovenous
anastomoses
4. Collateral Circulation
Trunk of artery
Collateral
branches
Composition of Pulmonary Circulation
1) Pulmonary trunk ,left and
right pulmonary arteries
contain venous blood.
2) Pulmonary veins
(4 in number)
contain arterial blood.
3) Arterial ligament
( ductus arteriosus)
(position ,clinic
significance,CHD)
Arteries of Systemic
Circulation
Aorta
Division
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
branches of the aorta
1. Branches of
Ascending Aorta
Left \ Right
coronary
arteries
2. Branches of Aortic Arch (three branches, R→L )
1) Brachiocephalic trunk
2) Left common carotid
3) Left subclavian artery
Brachocephalic
trunk
R. common
carotid
R. subclavian
artery
Common Carotid Branches
(
Internal carotid
brain ,visual organ.
no branches outside the skull)
External carotid
①Superior thyroid A
②Lingual A
③ Facial A
④Occipital A
⑤Maxillary A
Middle meningeal A
⑥Superficial temporal A
Carotid Sinus
situated in the proximal
part of internal carotid
 pressure-receptor
Carotid Body
 situated behind the
ramification of
common carotid
 chemoreceptor
Branches of
Subclavian Artery
①Vertebral A
②Internal thoracic A
③Thyrocervical trunk
④Costocervical trunk
Axillary A
Subclavian artery
↓
Axillary A
Brachial A
Radial A , Ulnar A
Superficial and
Deep palmar arches
Subclavian A is
the main trunk
of the upper limb.
Superficial
palmar arch
Deep palmar arch
Proper palmar digital A
The use of brachial A in
measuring blood pressure
Summary
● Left common carotid
originates
from aortic arch.
Right common carotid
arises from
brachiocephalic trunk.
● Brachiocephalic
trunk gives off
branches behind
the right
sternoclavicular joint.
● Common carotid
gives off its branches
opposite the upper
border of
thyroid cartilage.
Artery Supplies for
Some Organs
1. Thyroid
Superior thyroid A
Inferior thyroid A
2. Brain
1) Internal carotid A
2) Vertebral A
3. Branches of
Thoracic Aorta
Parietal branches
① 3th -11th of
posterior
Intercostal As
② Subcostal A
Visceral branches
① Bronchial A
② Esophageal A
4. Branches of
Abdominal Aorta
Two kinds of
affiliated branches:
parietal branches
visceral branches
1) Parietal branches
/ Inferior phrenic A
/ Lumbar A
(4 pairs in number)
/ Median sacral A
2) Visceral branches
of abdominal aorta
paired
①Renal A
②Testicular A
(ovarian A)
③Middle suprarenal A
unpaired
①Celiac trunk
②Superior mesenteric A
③Inferior mesenteric A
Variations of Renal Arteries
① Outline of Celiac Trunk
Left gastric A
Common
hepatic A
Splenic A
supplying liver,
gallbladder,
stomach,
a part of
duodenum,
spleen and
pancreas, etc.
Branches of Celiac Trunk
a. Left gastric A
left hepatic A
right gastric A
b. Common
hepatic A
proper hepatic A
right hepatic A-cystic A
gastroduodenal A
pancreaticoduodenal A
right gastroepiploic A
pancreatic branches
c. Splenic A
left gastroepiploic A
short gastric A ,
back gastric A(60—80%)
② Branches of Superior Mesenteric A
a.Jejunal A
ARCH
b.Ileal A
c.Ilecolic A
Appendicular A
d. Right colic A
e. Middle colic A
Supplying digestive
tract from duodenum
to the left colic flexure
③ Branches of
Inferior Mesenteric A
a.Left colic A
b.Sigmoid A
c.Superior
rectal A
Supplying digestive
tract from left colic
flexure to the rectum.
5. Arteries of Pelvis
and Lower Limb
Abdominal aorta
L.common iliac A
R. common iliac A
Common iliac artery
Internal iliac A
External iliac A
(1) Branches of
Internal Iliac Artery
1)Parietal branches
a. Obturator A
b. Superior gluteal A
2)
3)
c .Inferior gluteal A
Supplying
the wall of pelvis
1)
2)Viscera
branches
a. Umbilical A
b. Superior
vesical A
c. Uterine A
d. Inferior rectal A
e. Pudendal
internal A
Supplying
the viscera in pelvis.
③
④
⑤
②
①
(2) External Iliac Artery
Femoral Arteries
↓
Popliteal Artery
↓
↓
↓
Medial , lateral plantar
arteries
↓
Plantar arch
Blood vessles for some organs
▲ Blood vessels of lungs: two sets
Pulmonary A & V (functional vessel )
Bronchial A & V (nutrient vessels)
▲ Arteries of stomach
⑥ ⑤
①Left gastric A
②Right gastric A
③Right
gastroepiploic A
④Left
gastroepiploic A
⑤Short gastric A
⑥Back gastric A
②
③
①
④
▲ Arteries
of colon
1.Ileocolic A
2.Right colic A
3.Middle colic A
4.Left colic A
5.Sigmoid colic A
Marginal A(concept)
along the medial margin
of the colon
▲ Arteries
of rectum
1.Superior
rectal A
2.Inferior
rectal A
3.Anal A
Clinical application:
taking the pulse
on the radial A
A convenient
way for
checking
the functions
of heart &artery:
As drawn
in the picture,
please feel
the beatings
of the arteries
in some spots
of your body .