Transcript Cardio Practical What to know

Arteries & Veins
To Know For Practical
Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System
• Sinoatrial Node (SA
node) - the pacemaker;
where the action
potential originates,
starting each heartbeat
• As action potential
moves, contraction of
atria is stimulated
• Atrioventricular Node
(AV node) - receives
action potential from SA
node and sends along to…
Parts of Intrinsic Conduction System
• Atrioventricular Bundle
(Bundle of His) – branches
off into right and left
bundle branches, and then
sends action potential
along to…
• Purkinje Fibers – action
potential received begins
ventricular contraction at
apex and continues
contraction back up toward
atria, helping to eject blood
into pulmonary trunk or
aortic arch
Labeling The Heart
• AD: (Left) Pulmonary
Artery
• AE: Left Atrium
• BC: Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
• BD: Aortic Semilunar Valve
• BE: Left Ventricle
• CD: Aorta
Labeling The Heart
• Let’s Also Label…
–
–
–
–
Pulmonary Trunk
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Septum
Apex
Artery Circulation
• Aorta: largest artery in
body; exits left ventricle
and is divided into three
parts
– Ascending aorta
– Aortic arch
– Descending aorta
Artery Circulation
– Ascending aorta:
Where aorta first
comes up; right and
left coronary arteries
branch from here
Artery Circulation
– Aortic arch: arching
posteriorly and to
the left and has three
branches
• Brachiocephalic
artery
• Left common
carotid
• Left subclavian
artery
Aortic Arch
• Brachiocephalic
– Right Common
Carotid: head
• Internal Carotid:
brain
• External Carotid:
face
Aortic Arch
• Brachiocephalic
– Right Subclavian: right
upper limb
• Turns into axillary at
armpit
• Turns into brachial
• Branches into radial
and ulnar
• Joins back & forms
deep palmar arch,
superficial palmar
arch, and digital
arteries
Aortic Arch
• Left Common Carotid:
head
• Internal Carotid:
brain
• External Carotid:
face
Aortic Arch
• Left Subclavian: left
upper limb
– Branches in the
same way that
Right Subclavian
does
Aorta
• Descending Aorta
– Thoracic Aorta: portion in thorax, above
diaphragm.
– Abdominal Aorta: below diaphragm; ends as two
common iliac arteries
Abdominal Aorta
• Celiac Trunk: spleen,
stomach, and liver
• Renal: Kidneys
• Splits into Right & Left
Common Iliac Arteries
Right & Left Common Iliac
• Splits into…
– Internal Iliac Artery:
bladder, rectum,
genitalia
– External Iliac Artery:
• turns into Femoral
Artery: thigh
• Turns into Popliteal
Artery: knee area
• Branches into
Anterior & Posterior
Tibial Arteries and
Fibial Artery: lower
leg & foot
Vein Circulation
• Three Major Sections emptying back into right
atrium…
– Coronary Sinus: Great, Anterior, Small, and Middle
Cardiac Veins
– Superior Vena Cava
– Inferior Vena Cava
Upper Body
• Superior Vena Cava:
receive blood from head,
neck, and upper
extremities; splits into…
– Right and Left
Brachiocephalic
• Internal Jugular: Brain
• External Jugular: Face
• Turns into Subclavian…
Subclavian
• Turns into axillary at armpit, which
breaks into…
– Cephalic
– Brachial
• Radial
• Ulnar
• Digital
– Basilic
• Median Cubital joins it back
up with Cephalic; often, a site
of drawing blood
– Deep palmar arch, superficial
palmar arch, and digital veins
Lower Body
• Inferior Vena Cava
– Hepatic Veins: liver
– Hepatic Portal: Takes
blood from the digestive
tract, spleen, pancreas
to the liver
– Renal: Kidneys
– Splits into Right & Left
Common Iliac Veins
Right & Left Common Iliac
• Internal Iliac Vein
– bladder, rectum, genitalia
• External Iliac Vein
– Great Saphenous: branches off,
runs along femur, longest vein in
body
– EIV turns into Femoral Vein: thigh
• Turns into Popliteal Vein: knee
area
• Branches into Anterior &
Posterior Tibial Veins and
Fibular Vein: lower leg & foot