Transcript Vertebral Column - Mayfield City Schools

Hi!!
Vertebral Column
General Characteristics
 1.
Consists of 26 irregular bones
 2. A curved structure that extends
from the skull to the pelvic region
 3. Surrounds and protects the spinal
cord.
 4. It provides for attachment for ribs
and muscles of neck and back.
Divisions
 1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
 5.
7 cervical vertebrate
12 thoracic vertebrate
5 lumbar vertebrate
five fused vertebrate = sacrum
four fused vertebrate = coccyx
Curvatures
 1.
Cervical and lumbar curvatures
are concave posteriorly.
 2. Thoracic and sacral curvatures
are convex posteriorly.
 3. These curvatures increase
resiliency and flexibility of the spine.
Intervertebral Discs
 Cushion
like pads that act as shock
absorbers and allow the spine to flex,
extend, and bend laterally.
General Structure of Vertebrate
 1.
Each vertebra has an
anteriorbody and a posterior
vertebral arch that together with the
body form the vertebral foramen
through which the spinal cord
passes.
 2.
The vertebral arch has 2 pedicles
and 2 laminae. These give rise to
several projections.
 A) median spinous process
 B) 2 lateral transverse process
 C) Paired superior and inferior
articular processes.
 3.
The pedicles have notches on
their superior and inferior borders
called intervertebral foramen. The
intervertebral foramen provide
openings for the passage of spinal
nerves.
Thoracic Cage aka Rib Cage
 Consists
of:
– Thoracic vertebrae
– The ribs
– The sternum
– Costal cartilage
Provides for protection around the organs
of the thoracic cavity, and provide
support for the shoulder girdles and
upper limbs
Sternum
A
flat bone made of three fused
bones; manubrium, body, and
xiphoid process.
 The manubrium articulates with the
clavicles.
 The body articulates with the
cartilage of ribs 2-7.
 Xiphoid process the inferior end
Ribs
 12
pairs
 The superior seven attach directly to
the sternum with individual costal
cartilages. They are considered to
be “true” ribs.
 The inferior five attach indirectly or
not at all to the sternum. They are
considered to be “false” ribs.
Bye!!