Transcript Sensory Cranial Nerves

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Sensory
Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves
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Special Sense Nerves
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I,II,VIII
Somatic Motor Nerves
Eye—III,IV,VI
Tongue--XII
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“Rest of body” nerves
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IX,X,XI
Face and jaws
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VII, V
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Nerve “targets” in head
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SENSORY
Special
Smell
Vision
Hearing
General
skin
teeth
eye
tongue
oral cavity
nasal cavity
middle ear
throat
meninges
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
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MOTOR
Muscles
Glands
eyes
salivary
extrinsic sweat
intrinsic lacrimal
jaws
mucous
facial expression
larynx
tongue
throat
ear
Base of the skull—cranial nerves out
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Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Ethmoid (olfactory)
I. Olfactory
Sphenoid (optic)
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
VI. Abducens
Temporal (otic)
VII. Acoustic/Auditory/
Vestibulocochlear
Face/Jaws
V. Trigeminal
VII. Facial
Throat (rest of body)
IX Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Spinal Accessory
XII. Hypoglosal
Cranial nerves
Cranial nerves
Special Sense Nerves
NERVE
TARGET
EXIT FROM
CRANIAL CAVITY
I. Olfactory
Olfactory
epithelium
Cribiform plate
(ethmoid)
II. Optic
Retina
Optic canal
(sphenoid)
VIII. Auditory Inner ear
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Internal auditory
meatus (temporal)
Somatic Motor Nerves
(eye muscles and tongue)
NERVE
TARGET
IV. Trochlear
Superior oblique m.
(with trochlea)
VI. Abducens
Lateral rectus
III. Oculomotor
•Sup.,med.,inf.rectus
(Also parasympathetic
• Inferior Oblique
to ciliary mm, constrictor
•Levator palpebrae
pupillae)
superioris
XII. Hypoglossal
Intrinsic, extrinsic
mm. of tongue
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
EXIT CR. CAVITY
Sup. Orbital fissure
(sphenoid)
“
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Hypoglossal canal
(occipital)
“Rest of body” nerves
(all exit from jugular foramen)
NERVE
TARGET
 Somatic motor to larynx/pharynx
 Parasympathetic to most of gut
 Taste to back posterior pharynx
XI: (Spinal)  Motor to traps,
Accesory
sternocleidomastoid
IX: Glosso-  Sensory to carotid body/sinus
pharyngeal  Taste to posterior tongue
 Sensory to ear opening/middle
ear
 Parotid salivary gland
X: Vagus
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
Cranial Nerves
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I: Olfactory
II: Optic
III: Oculomotor
IV: Trochlear
V: Trigeminal
VI: Abducens
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VII: Facial
VIII:Vestibulocochlear
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Acoustic
IX: Glossopharyngeal
X: Vagus
XI: Accessory
XII: Hypoglossal
http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/cn/cranial.htm
Mnemonic
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On
Old
Olympus’
Tower
Top
A
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Fin
And
German
Viewed
A
Hop
MNEMONIC
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OLFACTORY
OPTIC
OCULOMOTOR
TROCHLEAR
TRIGEMINAL
ABDUCENS
FACIAL
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
VAGUS
ACCESSORY
HYPOGLOSSAL
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OH
ONCE
ONE
TAKES
THE
ANATOMY
FINAL
VERY
GOOD
VACATION
A-HEAD
SENSORY NERVES
Cranial nerve I Olfactory
Cranial nerve II Optic
Cranial nerve VIII
Acoustovestibular
Gertz 1991
CN I: OLFACTORY
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Cranial nerve I
Function:
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smell
Clinical test for
damage:
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determine whether
a person can smell
something aromatic
M&M, Table 14.3
Human Anatomy, Frolich, Head/Neck IV: Cranial Nerves
CN II: OPTIC
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Cranial nerve II
Function:
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Clinical test for
damage:
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vision
tests peripheral vision
and visual acuity
Effects of damage:
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blindness in part or all
of the visual field
CN VIII:
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
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Cranial Nerve VIII
Function: hearing and equilibrium
Clinical tests: test hearing, balance, and
ability to walk a straight line
Effects of damage: deafness, dizziness,
nausea, loss of balance, and nystagmus
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AUDITORY SYSTEM
Outer and Middle ear amplify sound
Inner ear
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Cochlea
Hair cells
Acoustovestibular nerve
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Dorsal and Ventral Cochlear nuclei
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Lateral lemniscus
Inferior colliculus
Medial geniculate nucleus
Superior Temporal Cortex
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Brodmann areas 41 and 42
England and Wakely
1991
England and Wakely
1991
England and Wakely 1991
Gertz 1991
VISUAL SYSTEM
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The eyeball focuses light which stimulates the
retina.
These signals are transmitted via the optic
nerve, chiasm and tract to the lateral
geniculate nucleus in the thalamus.
Nervous impulses then travel via the optic
radiations to terminate in the primary visual
(calcarine) cortex.
www.visionsofjoy.org
England and Wakely 1991
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991
OLFACTORY SYSTEM
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Sensory receptors in the nasal mucosa are
stimulated by odors.
These stimuli are detected by the olfactory
bulb.
Nervous impulses then travel through the
olfactory tract to terminate in the anterior
perforated substance.
There are intimate connections with the
entorhinal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus
and other parts of the limbic system.
www.colorado.edu
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991
Gertz 1991