Transcript Facial Proportions

Modeling Techniques
Concepts of Modeling
 Armatures:
“framework, a material
commonly of pliable metal or wood,
employed to provide support for a wax
restoration”
 Analyze Before Modeling
 Size,
Position and Form
Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)
 Landmarks
of Size
 Measurements
 Configuration
 Rough
in One Direction
to a Pattern
Modeling
Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)
 Smoothing
a Wax Surface
 Construction
of Large Masses
 Surface
Depressions in Large Masses
 Surface
Corrections by Additions
Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)
 Surface
Corrections by Reduction
 Modeling
by Silhouette
 Modeling
the Profile
 Modeling
the Bilateral Form
Facial Proportions
Applications to RA
 1)
make comparisons between features
and photographs/remains
 2) similarities in size of features
 3) differences in size relationships
 4) derivations of size and form in absence
of photographs
Canon of Beauty
Canon of Ugliness
Horizontal Lines
 1)
 2)
 3)
 4)
 5)
 6)
 7)
 8)
Vertex of the Cranium
Base of the Chin
Line of Eye Closure
Normal Hairline
Eyebrow and Top of the Ear
Base of Nose and Base of Earlobe
Line of Closure of the Lips
Superior Border of the Chin
Vertical Lines
 1)
 2)
 3)
 4)
 5)
Medial End of Each Closed Eye
Extension from the Medial End of Each
Eye to the Wings of the Nose
Lateral Corner of Each Closed Eye
Each Side of the Face as Located on
the Photograph
Extension from the Middle of Each Eye
to the Corners of the Mouth
Units of Measurement
 1)
width of the closed eye
 2)
length from the base of the nose to the
eyebrow
 3)
head-lengths
Proportional Relationships
 1)
height of an adult
 2) width of the face
 3) distance from normal hairline to base of
chin can be divided into 3 equal
distances
 4) distance from base of nose to base of
chin can be divided into 3 equal
distances
Proportional Rel’ps (cont’d)
 5)
top of ear on same horizontal plane as
the eyebrows
 6) bottom of ear on same horizontal plane
as the base of the nose
 7) line of lip closure lies halfway between
base of the nose and top of the chin
 8) eyes are halfway between vertex of
cranium and the base of the chin
Proportional Rel’ps (cont’d)





9) face is 5 eyes wide at zygomatic arches
10) distance between eyes is 1 eye width
11) nose is 1 eye width
12) mouth is 2 eye widths
13) 4 equal distances:




A)
B)
C)
D)
ear passage to ear passage
eyebrow to base of the chin
tip of nose to ear passage
hairline to base of nose
Physiognomical Forms of the Ear
 Parts
 1)
 2)
 3)
 4)
 5)
 6)
of the Ear:
helix
crus of the helix
antihelix
crura of the antihelix
triangular fossa
scapha
Physiognomical Forms of the Ear
(cont’d)
 7)
concha
 8) tragus
 9) antitragus
 10) intertragic notch
 11) lobe
Form of the Mass of the Ear

anatomical guides
Forms of the Parts of the Ear
 Concha
 Helix
 Antihelix
 Scapha
 Lobe
 Tragus
 Antitragus
 Intertragic
Notch
Methods of Attachment
 Basket-weave
Suture (Cross Stitch)
 Loop
Stitch
 Bent
Wire Armature
 Wax
Support