Transcript great variation - Introduction To Mortuary Sciences

Canon of Beauty
MORT 1010
Special Topics
The Canon of Beauty
Established more than 25 centuries ago.
•An aesthetic
standard. Serve as a
basis for
comparison.
•Few persons exhibit
perfect proportions.
•Canon of Beauty is
not employed
dogmatically…
or all people will
bear the same
resemblance.
Head
•Geometric form of the
normal skull
•Oval from
three views
~Front
~Side
~Crown
**Upper portion wider than
lower**
Body Length
7 1/2 head lengths (8 in tall people)
1.First head length: head!
2.Second head length: chest line at
nipples.
3.Third head length: waistline, at
bellybutton.
4.Forth head length: groin area.
5.Fifth head length: a bit above the
knee.
6.Sixth head length: just below
knee.
7.Seventh head length: above
ankle(or mid-calf, if the person is 8
heads).
8.Seven and 3/4 (or eighth) head
length: at bottom of feet bottom
Body Length
Sole to patella x 3 2/3 or 3.67
~Sole to patella
~Patella to symphysis pubis
Symphysis to manubrium (wide
part of sternum)
~Manubrium to bregma
(vertex of the cranium)
Am I Ugly?
Canon of Ugliness
Difficult to state where “beauty”
ends and “ugliness” begins.
Varies according to:
Race
Time
Culture
Fashion
Ugliness can be described only as
any great variation from the
Canon of Beauty.
General Considerations
Most of us do not conform
completely to the Canon of
Beauty, but we come close. Most
faces are asymmetrical
~Both eyes may not be the same
width.
~One side of the mouth may be wider
than the other. One side of the nose
may be wider than the other. One
cheek may be more prominent than
the other. Ears exhibit the greatest
differences in
~Position
~Form
~Size
Horizontal Planes
The face is divided by
eight lines
Create six special zones
Divide face in two equal
halves.
~Vertex (top) of the cranium
Bregma
~Line of eye closure Base of the chin
Horizontal Planes
Divide the face in
three equal parts
~“Normal” Hairline
~Eyebrows/Top of ears
Base of nose/Base of
earlobe
~Base of chin
Horizontal Planes
Divide area between base
of nose and base of chin
~Base of nose
~Line of lip closure
~Top of chin
~Base of chin
Vertical Planes
Used to determine width of
head features
Use of the width of eye
as standard.
Draw a line down from the
medial corner of each eye.
Extend to corner of the
wing of the nose.
Vertical Planes
Extend a line down
from the lateral
corner of each eye.
This line will extend to
the sides of the face
Vertical Planes
Extend a line down from
the middle of the eye.
This line will extend to
the corners of the mouth
Units of Size and Proportion
Head
Widest part = distance
between the two
parietal eminences.
Nose
Face is three noses long
Length nose = length ear
Width nose = width eye
Mouth
Two eyes wide.
Units of Size and Proportion
1 2 3 4
5
Eye
The face is five eyes wide
Between zygomatic
arches—widest part
of face.
~Distance between eyes
equals width of one eye
Units of Size and Proportion
Ear
Superior border is on
same horizontal plane
as eyebrows.
Inferior border is on
same horizontal plane
as base of nose.
~Face is three ears
long.
Units of Size and Proportion
Thumb and Index finger
Hold thumb parallel to
index finger
Distance from tip of the
thumb to tip of finger is
equal to the following:
Length of ear
Length of nose
Normal hairline to root of nose
Base of nose to bottom of chin
Supplemental Equalities
Ear passage to tip of nose
Eyebrow to base of chin
Hairline to base of nose Ear
passage to ear passage
Face width = 2/3 face length
Other Equalities
Length of foot
One head-length ½
width of shoulders
Phalanges
Distal phalanx #2 = 1/9 face length Middle
phalanx #2 = Width of eye Distal phalanges 1 and
2 = 1/3 face length Distal phalanx #3 to lunate =
length of face
Photographs and Proportions
~Photographs are indispensable
Compare snapshots with professional
portraits. Avoid using older pictures
~Portraits are valuable because of their size.
Not completely dependable
Usually retouched
Modifies or erases important characteristics
Invert photo
Same position many embalmers
use. Detection of asymmetry
Use of magnifying glass
Highlights
and Shadows
ghlight
hadow
Any surface lying at a right angle
to the source of illumination which
reflects the maximum amount of
light.
~The brighter part.
Surface which do not lie at right
angles to the source of
illumination or are obscured by
other surfaces.
~Reflect little or no light.
Interpretation of
Highlight
and
Shadow
ighlights
hadows
Indicate:
Indicate:
Raised areas
Creases
Projection
Grooves
Shallow
depressions
Interpretation of
Highlight and Shadow
Under flat lighting
Under directional lighting
Under normal lighting