Transcript Abdominal Wall and Cavity

Body Wall and Cavity
Abdominal Surface and underyling bones
Muscular Wall and Hernias
Peritoneum and Mesenteries
Thorax Surface
Ribs and Intercostal Muscles
Breast
Bony Landmarks around Abdomen
Iliac crest
Anterior superior iliac
spine (ASIS)
Pubic crest
Inguinal ligament
Costal margin
Xiphoid process
Abdominal Wall from surface
Rectus abdominus
Linea alba
Iliac crest
Muscles of abdominal wall
Rectus abdominus-vertical midline
Three layers form tube
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External oblique
(“hands-in-pocket”)
Internal oblique (fibers
perpendicular to
external)
Transverse abdominus
(wraps around)
Muscles of abdominal wall--details
Please see Fig. 11.11, M&M for accurate labeling.
Abdominal muscular wall
pressurizes abdomen
When?
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Cough
Sneeze
Urinate
Defecate
Birth
Lifting
For article on abdominal muscles, role of different layers and use of lifting belts:
http://www.paulchekseminars.com/articles.cfm?select=16#top
Inguinal hernia results because pressure
finds weak spot at inguinal canal
(back to basic body plan)
Mesenteries, peritoneum--what is retroperitoneal?
[board drawing]
Peritoneal vs Retroperitoneal
Laproscopic kidney donation with retroperitoneal access
THORAX SURFACE ANATOMY
Student who cheated in anatomy lab:
counted own ribs
Males and Females have same number of ribs
(no, Eve wasn’t formed from one of Adam’s)
BONES
STERNUM
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manubrium
xiphoid process
RIBS
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES
“COSTAL” = ribs
“intercostal” =
between the ribs
Function in posture, respiration
The Breast
Location
Superior border: 2nd rib
 Inferior border: 6th rib
 Medial border: Sternum
 Lateral border: Midaxillary line
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Underlying muscle
Pectoralis major and minor
 Part of serratus anterior, external
obliques
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Mammary Glands (within breast)
Mammary Glands (within breast)
Lactiferous (modified sweat) Glands
Breast made of 15-25 lobes (each a compound alveolar gland)
Lobes made of lobules called acini, alveoli
Acini/Alveoli lined w/milk-secreting simple epithelial cells
Lactiferous Ducts of lobes open at nipple
Areola-ring of pigmented skin around nipple
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Sebaceous gland produce sebum during nursing
Lobes separated by adipose tissue and suspended by
connective tissue = Suspensory Ligaments of the Breasts
Mammary Glands
Lactiferous (modified sweat) Glands
Breast made of 15-25 lobes (each a compound alveolar gland)
Lobes made of lobules called acini, alveoli
Acini/Alveoli lined w/milk-secreting simple epithelial cells
Lactiferous Ducts of lobes open at nipple
Areola-ring of pigmented skin around nipple

Sebaceous gland produce sebum during nursing
Lobes separated by adipose tissue and suspended by connective tissue
= Suspensory Ligaments of the Breasts