Transcript Knee review Questions

Knee review Questions
In the middle of a collegiate rugby
tournament a player gets tackled just as he
is kicking the ball. He has all of his weight
planted on his left leg when another player
clips him on one side of his knee. He falls to
the ground and clutches his knee in pain.
When the team physician examines the
knee he is able to elicit abnormal side to
side movement of the femur on the tibia and
abnormal forward motion of the tibia on the
femur (anterior drawer sign).
The forward motion is caused by
damage to which of the following
ligaments:
A) Oblique popliteal ligament
B) Patellar ligament
C) Anterior cruciate ligament
D) Posterior cruciate ligament
When diagnosing damage to the knee joint,
it is important to look at the three structures
most often damaged. These three
structures, otherwise known as the
"unhappy triad" include the:
A) Medial meniscus, anterior cruciate
ligamnet, tibial collateral ligament
B) Lateral meniscus, posterior cruciate
ligament, fibular collateral ligament
C) Lateral meniscus, oblique popliteal
ligament, fibular collateral ligament
D) Oblique popliteal ligament, patellar
ligament, anterior cruciate ligament
The knee joint is a hinge-joint
involving the articulation of the
femur, tibia, and patella. Since
the femur and the tibia join at an
angle, the joint is mechanically
weak. However, many ligaments
and tendons help strengthen
and stabilize it.
The tendons that strengthen and
stabilize the knee joint on the
lateral side consist of all of the
following except:
A) Biceps femoris
B) Gastrocnemius
C) Iliotibial tract
D) Soleus
The tendons supporting the medial
side of the knee joint include the
three which form the pes
anserinus. Which one of the
following four tendons is not part of
the pes anserinus:
A) Semitendinosus
B) Sartorius
C) Gracilis
D) Semimembranosus
A fourth year medical student did an
elective working with the camp
pediatrician at a rural camp in
northern Maine. One day when a
young boy came down with a high
fever the pediatrican gave the child
an intramuscular injection. In his
haste the physician plunged the
needle into the medial aspect of the
boy's right gluteus maximus.
A few hours later the medical student
observed the boy walking to his cabin.
He noticed that in addition to appearing
lethargic, the boy was walking in a
strange manner. He seemed to be lifting
his right foot unusually high and letting
it hang down while he walked. After
examining the boy the medical student
realized that the boy's unusual gait was
a result of his inability to dorsiflex and
evert his right foot.
The medical student remembered
that the nerve that innervates the
muscles wich are directly
responsible for dorsiflexion and
eversion of the foot is the:
A) Tibial nerve
B) Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
C) Sciatic
D) Common peroneal
The muscles responsible for
dorsiflexion of the foot include the:
A) Tibialis Posterior
B) Tibialis Anterior
C)Extensor Digitorum Longus
D) Two of the above. Both the
Tibialis Anterior and the Extensor
Digitorum Longus dorsiflex the foot
End of Section one!
Remembering the pediatrician's earlier IM
injection into the boy and considering the
symptoms, the third year student determined
that the damage from the injection must have
occurred to which nerve in the gluteal region:
A) Obturator
B) Superior gluteal
C) Common peroneal portion of the sciatic
D) Inferior gluteal
The name for this clinical condition
is:
A) Obturator syndrome
B) Gluteus medius limp
C) Positive Trendelenberg sign
D) Foot drop
On his 50th birthday a sedentary father
of three makes a personal resolution to
exercise more and to lead a healthier
lifestyle. The next day, eager to begin
his new training regime he gets up
early and begins a three mile jog. Less
than one mile into the run, however, his
leg muscles cramp and he is forced to
stop. Humbly, he walks home wincing
with the pain of every step.
The next day at his yearly exam the man tells
his physician of the pain in his legs upon
exercise. The physician commends him for
his initiative but warns him to start exercising
at a slower pace. He examines the man's
legs and notes tenderness along their
anterior aspect. He tells the man that the pain
he is experiencing is most likely caused by
the swelling of his muscles upon
experiencing unusual exertion. The swelling
causes compression of the blood vessels and
subsequent lack of oxygen to the muscles.
The muscles most likely to lose
oxygen and cause this man's
symptoms (Anterior Compartment
Syndrome) include all of the
following except:
A) Tibialis anterior
B) Extensor digitorum longus
C) Extensor hallicus brevis
D) Extensor hallicus longus
The blood supply might be
compromised in which of the following
arteries due to Anterior Compartment
Syndrome:
A) Anterior tibeal
B) Posterior tibeal
C) Dorsal pedis artery
D) Two of the above. Both the Anterior
tibeal and the Dorsalis pedis artery
might be compromised
In order to check and see if the nerve
travelling in the anterior compartment is
damaged the physician checks for sensory
loss in:
A) The area between the first and second
toes
B) The area along the dorsum of the foot
C) The area along the lateral aspect of the
fifth toe
D) The area between the fourth and fifth toes
A propane tank explodes during a
medical school 4th of July barbeque
and sends metal shrapnel into one of
the dinner guests. A large piece of
metal embeds itself in the student's left
thigh. The student is conscious but
appears to be in shock and is bleeding
profusely from his femoral artery.
The femoral artery travels within the
adductor canal (Hunter's Canal) to
reach the popliteal fossa. Which of the
following muscles forms the anterior
lateral boundary of the canal?
A) Vastus lateralis
B) Sartorius
C) Vastus medialis
D) Adductor magnus
Which of the following travel
within the adductor canal?
A) Femoral Vein
B) Profunda Femoris Artery
C) Profunda Femoris Vein
D) Two of the above
The proximal part of the femoral artery is enclosed
within the femoral sheath, along with the femoral
vein. The femoral canal contains lymph vessels,
connective tissue and fat. In relation to the vein
and artery the femoral canal:
A) Is lateral to the femoral vein and medial to the
femoral artery
B) Is medial to the femoral vein and lateral to the
femoral artery
C) Is lateral to both the femoral vein and the
femoral artery
D) Is medial to both the femoral artery and the
femoral vein
The End
Knee review Questions
Answer Section
In the middle of a collegiate rugby
tournament a player gets tackled just as he
is kicking the ball. He has all of his weight
planted on his left leg when another player
clips him on one side of his knee. He falls to
the ground and clutches his knee in pain.
When the team physician examines the
knee he is able to elicit abnormal side to
side movement of the femur on the tibia and
abnormal forward motion of the tibia on the
femur (anterior drawer sign).
The forward motion is caused by
damage to which of the following
ligaments:
A) Oblique popliteal ligament
B) Patellar ligament
C) Anterior cruciate ligament
D) Posterior cruciate ligament
When diagnosing damage to the knee joint,
it is important to look at the three structures
most often damaged. These three
structures, otherwise known as the
"unhappy triad" include the:
A) Medial meniscus, anterior cruciate
ligamnet, tibial collateral ligament
B) Lateral meniscus, posterior cruciate
ligament, fibular collateral ligament
C) Lateral meniscus, oblique popliteal
ligament, fibular collateral ligament
D) Oblique popliteal ligament, patellar
ligament, anterior cruciate ligament
The knee joint is a hinge-joint
involving the articulation of the
femur, tibia, and patella. Since
the femur and the tibia join at an
angle, the joint is mechanically
weak. However, many ligaments
and tendons help strengthen
and stabilize it.
The tendons that strengthen and
stabilize the knee joint on the
lateral side consist of all of the
following except:
A) Biceps femoris
B) Gastrocnemius
C) Iliotibial tract
D) Soleus
The tendons supporting the medial
side of the knee joint include the
three which form the pes
anserinus. Which one of the
following four tendons is not part of
the pes anserinus:
A) Semitendinosus
B) Sartorius
C) Gracilis
D) Semimembranosus
A fourth year medical student did an
elective working with the camp
pediatrician at a rural camp in
northern Maine. One day when a
young boy came down with a high
fever the pediatrican gave the child
an intramuscular injection. In his
haste the physician plunged the
needle into the medial aspect of the
boy's right gluteus maximus.
A few hours later the medical student
observed the boy walking to his cabin.
He noticed that in addition to appearing
lethargic, the boy was walking in a
strange manner. He seemed to be lifting
his right foot unusually high and letting
it hang down while he walked. After
examining the boy the medical student
realized that the boy's unusual gait was
a result of his inability to dorsiflex and
evert his right foot.
The medical student remembered
that the nerve that innervates the
muscles wich are directly
responsible for dorsiflexion and
eversion of the foot is the:
A) Tibial nerve
B) Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
C) Sciatic
D) Common peroneal
The muscles responsible for
dorsiflexion of the foot include the:
A) Tibialis Posterior
B) Tibialis Anterior
C)Extensor Digitorum Longus
D) Two of the above. Both the
Tibialis Anterior and the Extensor
Digitorum Longus dorsiflex the
foot
Remembering the pediatrician's earlier IM
injection into the boy and considering the
symptoms, the third year student determined
that the damage from the injection must have
occurred to which nerve in the gluteal region:
A) Obturator
B) Superior gluteal
C) Common peroneal portion o fthe
sciatic
D) Inferior gluteal
The name for this clinical condition
is:
A) Obturator syndrome
B) Gluteus medius limp
C) Positive Trendelenberg sign
D) Foot drop
On his 50th birthday a sedentary father
of three makes a personal resolution to
exercise more and to lead a healthier
lifestyle. The next day, eager to begin
his new training regime he gets up
early and begins a three mile jog. Less
than one mile into the run, however, his
leg muscles cramp and he is forced to
stop. Humbly, he walks home wincing
with the pain of every step.
The next day at his yearly exam the man tells
his physician of the pain in his legs upon
exercise. The physician commends him for
his initiative but warns him to start exercising
at a slower pace. He examines the man's
legs and notes tenderness along their
anterior aspect. He tells the man that the pain
he is experiencing is most likely caused by
the swelling of his muscles upon
experiencing unusual exertion. The swelling
causes compression of the blood vessels and
subsequent lack of oxygen to the muscles.
The muscles most likely to lose
oxygen and cause this man's
symptoms (Anterior Compartment
Syndrome) include all of the
following except:
A) Tibialis anterior
B) Extensor digitorum longus
C) Extensor hallicus brevis
D) Extensor hallicus longus
The blood supply might be
compromised in which of the following
arteries due to Anterior Compartment
Syndrome:
A) Anterior tibeal
B) Posterior tibeal
C) Dorsal pedis artery
D) Two of the above. Both the
Anterior tibeal and the Dorsalis
pedis artery might be compromised
In order to check and see if the nerve
travelling in the anterior compartment is
damaged the physician checks for sensory
loss in:
A) The area between the first and second
toes
B) The area along the dorsum of the foot
C) The area along the lateral aspect of the
fifth toe
D) The area between the fourth and fifth toes
A propane tank explodes during a
medical school 4th of July barbeque
and sends metal shrapnel into one of
the dinner guests. A large piece of
metal embeds itself in the student's left
thigh. The student is conscious but
appears to be in shock and is bleeding
profusely from his femoral artery.
The femoral artery travels within the
adductor canal (Hunter's Canal) to
reach the popliteal fossa. Which of the
following muscles forms the anterior
lateral boundary of the canal?
A) Vastus lateralis
B) Sartorius
C) Vastus medialis
D) Adductor magnus
Which of the following travel
within the adductor canal?
A) Femoral Vein
B) Profunda Femoris Artery
C) Profunda Femoris Vein
D) Two of the above
The proximal part of the femoral artery is enclosed
within the femoral sheath, along with the femoral
vein. The femoral canal contains lymph vessels,
connective tissue and fat. In relation to the vein
and artery the femoral canal:
A) Is lateral to the femoral vein and medial to the
femoral artery
B) Is medial to the femoral vein and lateral to the
femoral artery
C) Is lateral to both the femoral vein and the
femoral artery
D) Is medial to both the femoral artery and the
femoral vein
The End