Transcript Lecture 1

Bio 101
Laboratory 9
Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb
1
Objectives of Lab
• Become familiar with the bones and
structures of the
– Pelvis (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis)
– Lower Limb (Femur, Tibia, and Fibula)
– Foot (Tarsals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges)
• Be able to recognize the skeletal structures
listed on your Laboratory Guide handout,
Exercise 8 & 9 (Ilium through Phalanges of
Foot)
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Landmarks of Bones
• Spine – A pointed process/ridge
• Trochanter – A large rough projection (larger
than either a tubercle or tuberosity)
• Crest – Prominent ridge
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Skeletal Organization
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Pelvis
Pelvis = Ossa Coxae (hip bones) + Sacrum + Coccyx
Singular: Os Coxa
(Also: inominate)
(Anterior)
(Posterior)
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Bones of the Pelvis
(Medial view
of right coxa)
(Lateral view
of right coxa)
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Bones of the Pelvis
*
*
*
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Bones of the Pelvis
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Divisions of the Pelvis
Pubic crest
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Male-Female Pelvic Differences
Male
Female
1. Iliac bones are more flared in the female; hips are broader
2. Pubic angle is greater in the female pelvis
3. Greater distance between the ischial spines in the female pelvis
4. Broader, flatter pelvis in females; wider, more circular pelvic inlet
5. Less projection of sacrum and coccyx into the pelvic outlet in the female pelvis
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The Lower Limbs
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The Femur
(Right leg)
(notch)
Anterior
Posterior
12
The Tibia and Fibula
FibuLA is LAteral
TIBia = Thicker Inner Bone
Right leg, Anterior
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Bones of the Foot
Lateral
Medial
Right foot, superior view
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Bones of the Foot
Head of metatarsals = ball of foot
Right foot, medial view
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Bones of the Foot
Tall Californian
Navy
Medical Interns Like Cuban cigars
(Medial to lateral)
Note: You will have to know the tarsal
bones for the lab exam.
Right foot, superior view
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What you should do in lab today…
• Marieb’s Laboratory Manual
– Review pp. 150-156 (if you haven’t done this
already)
• Handle the bones listed in your Laboratory
Guide. Use your labeled figures as guides to
the names of the bones and structures
• REVIEW previously seen bones for the lab
exam (2) next week.
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What you should be able to do after lab today…
• Know the names of, and be able to recognize, ALL the
bones and structures we covered in the last three labs
(listed on Laboratory Guide checklists)
• Come up and get tested on ALL bones today in
preparation for lab exam
• **Remember, you should be able to recognize and
distinguish disarticulated bones based on their unique
characteristics!!
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Lab Exam 2
• There will be 24 (25?) stations, 50 questions, on
the lab exam
• Some disarticulated bones, and some bones
attached to skeleton. Remember, look for the
characteristics and markings of the bone in
order to distinguish one bone from another
• THINK in terms of ‘lateral’ and ‘medial’ rather
than ‘right’ and ‘left’ to avoid getting confused
about bone landmarks. Proceed SLOWLY!
• You should also know the differences between
the male and female pelvis
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For the next regular lab…
• For Skeletal Muscles Labs (11 & 12)
– Read Exercise 14, pp. 187-196, in Marieb’s Lab
Manual
• Familiarize yourself with the histology of skeletal,
smooth, and cardiac muscle in Mastering A&P:
Histology: Muscle
– Read your Laboratory Guide instructions for
Exercise 11.
– Read Dissection Exercise 1, pp. 697- 713 in
Marieb’s Lab Manual. You will begin dissecting the
cat in this lab and finish in lab 12.
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