Transcript BIOL 204 – Lab 13 The Reproductive System

BIOL 204 – Lab 13
The Reproductive System Anatomy
Objective 1
A.
Structures of the Male Reproductive Tract
The Scrotum
Location
Structure
Function(s)
located outside of the
body cavity; below
the root of the penis
and the pubic
symphysis
is a pouch of thin, dark
skin
hold the testes outside of the
body cavity
the walls of the scrotum
contain the dartos muscle
which, when contracted,
gives the scrotum a wrinkled
appearance
contains numerous
sebaceous glands
the cremaster muscle raises
and lowers the testes to
ensure proper temperature
for sperm production
Scrotum
Tubules
Location
Epididymus
superior aspect
of each teste
Structure
comma shaped
tube in a coil
(6 m long)
Function
adsorb excess testicular fluid
and secrete factors that make
more mature and motile
has a head, a
body and a tail
Epididymus (Pink)
H = head
B = body
T = tail
The Testes
Location
Structure
Function(s)
Each teste lies obliquely
in the scrotum
-oval; weight 10-14 g
-4cmX 3cm X 2.5 cm
-spermatogensis
-manufactures hormones
supplied by the testicular artery and the testicular vein
each teste is covered by a white, inelastic capsule called the
tunica albuginea
internally the teste is divided into 150 lobules
each lobule has 1-3 seminiferous tubules
Location
Vas (Ductus)
Deferens
Structure
Function
travels upward
an epithelial tube carries sperm into the body
into the body
about 45 cm
cavity
cavity as part
long; the expanded
of the spermatic end is called the
cord
ampulla
it arches medially over the ureter and descends along the
posterior wall of the urinary bladder
Ejaculatory Duct
Location
Structure
Function
passes from the
vas deferens
through the
prostate gland,
to the urethra
a short, 3cm
epithelial tube
carries semen from the
vas deferens to the
urethra
Location
Urethra
Structure
extends from the there are three
urinary bladder
portions:
to the tip of the
penis
Function
carries both urine and
semen to the surface of the
body
Prostatic portion: 2.5 cm long; begins at the internal urethral
orifice and extends through the prostate gland
Membranous portion: 1.5 cm long; travels through the urogenital
diaphragm; the bulbourethral glands are at
either side
Penile portion:
15 cm long; travels through the penis in the
corpus spongiosum
Glands
Stucture
Seminal vesicles lobular, paired
Location
posterior aspect
glands about 5 cm of the bladder
long
Function(s)
produce about 1.5 to 3 ml of sticky
yellow fluid that contains fructose
and other nutrients for sperm and
prostaglandins and vasciculase, a
coagulating enzyme
Structure
Prostate Gland a single, donut
shaped gland
Location
Function(s)
encircles the
urethra at the
base of the
bladder
produces 0.5-1 ml of
slightly acidic fluid which
contains enzymes which
activate and nourish sperm
Prostate adrenocarcinoma –
note whitish area at the
periphery
Bulbourethral
Glands
Structure
Location
Function(s)
small, paired
glands
located in the
urogenital
diaphragm,
inferior to the
prostate gland
produce a few drops of
alkaline mucus which helps
to neutralize vaginal acids
E. The Penis
The penis is composed of tissue organized into three columns:
(2) corpora cavernosa and (1) corpus spongiosum
-
the corpora cavernosa contains vascular sinuses
-
the corpus spongiosum contains the penile urethra; it expands at its end
to form the glans penis; the glans is covered by a loose fold of tissue
called the prepuce (foreskin)
Nerve Supply:
-sensory (pudendal and ilioinguinal nerves)
-Motor (pudendal to muscles; ANS via the pelvic splanchnic nerve
-SNS causes vasoconstriction and PNS causes vasodilation
Blood Supply
-the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery
-The internal pudendal veins and the external pudendal veins; there are
also two dorsal veins
Objective 2
Histology
Microscopic Anatomy of the Penis – X Section
Testes
Sperm
Objective 3
Gross Anatomy - Female
Note the uterus (with fundus, myometrium, cervix, perimetrium,
endometrium, body); the ovaries, uterine tubes (with fimbriae),
vagina, and the ligaments (suspensory ligament, broad ligament,
ovarian ligament, round ligament)
Lateral View -
Ovary and Fallopian Tube of a
Multiparous Woman
Ovary with Ligament
Fallopian Tube
Ovaries, Uterine Tubes, Uterus and Vagina
of a 40 year old multparous woman
Uterus, Unfixed
Female Breast Anatomy
Objective 4
Ovary -Histology
A benign Paratubular Cyst
Primary Follicles
Graafian Follicles
Corpus Luteum
Ectopic Pregnancy
1
Bicornuate Uterus
Rare in humans – this woman never
carried a fetus to term