Transcript Male Reproductive Anatomy

Male Reproductive
Anatomy
Personal Living Skills
I. Testicles/Testes
 Functions:

Make Testosterone

Make sperm

Spermatogenesis takes 72 days
 Spermatogenesis begins at about age 12
 First ejaculation of live sperm is 13 year 10 months
 A male is considered fertile from this point
forward.
Seminiferous tubules
 A man makes between 10 and 50 million
sperm every day!
 Average ejaculation has 50 million sperm


20 million may be deformed
5 million may be dead
 Sperm survival time????

5 to 7 days
 The two testes are equal in size.


(2 x 1 x 1 ¼ inches)
The left testes hangs lower than the right.
 Testes develop prenatally INSIDE the
abdomen and then slide down the inguinal
canal into the scrotum. (96%)
 Hernia is when the
intestines protrude.
Males are susceptible
to hernia via the
inguinal canals.
 Unrepaired hernia
II. Scrotum
 Functions:

House and protect the testicles

Regulate testicular temperature

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The cremasteric muscles contract and relax
allowing the scrotum to regulate temperature.
The testicles need to be cooler than body
temperature to produce effective sperm
 The cremasteric
muscles contract and
relax allowing the
scrotum to regulate
temperature.
Testicular Self Exam
 This exam is to detect testicular cancer.
TSE Guidelines
 In shower
 Monthly
 With soapy hands
Testicular Cancer
 #1 Cancer killer in men aged 15-35.
 90% cure rate IF caught in first six months

After this time, TC is extremely fatal
 Nearly 100% of masses are cancer.
 TC has increased in incidence by 60% since 2005.
 Most masses are discovered by sex partners.
 1 in 250 males will get testicular cancer
 1 American man is diagnosed every hour
Testicular Cancer Warning Signs
 Swelling in testicles
 Bump on a testicle
 Back Pain
 Persistent dull ache in testicles
 Reduction in sex drive
 Breast swelling/ tenderness
 Fluid in scrotum
 Shrinkage of one testicle
Risk factors for Testicular Cancer
 Age 15-35
 Early puberty
 Family history of:
 Testicular cancer
 Breast cancer
 Race (slightly more common in Caucasian
men)
 Undescended Testicle
 Personal history of Epstein Barr or
Mononucleosis
III. Epididymus
 Coiled tube on the outside of each testicle

About 20 feet long
 Stores sperm
 Sperm mature in this structure for about 14
days.
IV. Vas Deferens
 Carries SPERM through the male
reproductive tract.
V. The Glands (Seminal Vesicles,
Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Glands)
 All three glands add a secretion to sperm
 Secretions + Sperm = SEMEN

Functions of Secretions:

1. Nutrition and Fuel
 So sperm can live 5-7 days

2. Swimming medium
 So sperm can swim to the egg
A. Seminal Vesicles
 Add first secretion to sperm

Fructose (fuel)
B. Prostate Gland
 Adds the largest secretion and ingredient in
semen
 Size of a walnut (size increases with age)
 Surrounds urethra
 Heart shaped
Prostate Cancer
 Slow growing, but can be deadly
 Rarely affects men under the age of 50
 Detected by digital-rectal exam and/or PSA blood test
 Very common… #1 cancer in men
 African American men have highest incidence
 28,000 American men die of prostate cancer every
year.
Prostate Exam
C. Bulbourethral Glands
 Produce a pre-ejaculatory secretion
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Functions:

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Lubricate tip of penis
Cleans the urethra
 This secretion WILL contain LIVE SPERM
from previous ejaculations!
VI. Urethra
 Carries semen and urine out of the male body
through the penis.
 There is a neuromuscular reflex that prevents
urination with an erection.
VII. Penis
 The functions of this organ in sex are:
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
transfer semen to the female reproductive
sex pleasure
 The penis is composed of three cylinders of erectile
tissue. These cylinders fill with blood and cause
erection.
Erectile Dysfunction
 ED (Erectile Dysfunction)/ Impotence is the
inability to obtain and maintain an erection.
 Primary causes:
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Smoking
Obesity
Diabetes (untreated)
High blood pressure (untreated)
Size
 On average, the penis is 6 to 61/2 inches
long with an erection.
 The penis size when flacid has minimal
impact on size with an erection.
 A size much above average is not compatible
with female anatomy and can be problematic.
Circumcision
 The surgical removal of the foreskin.
 The United States is the only industrialized
country in the world that regularly practices
circumcision.
 Approximately 60% of American males born
in 2011 were circumcised.
AAP Position
 Circumcision has no medical benefits, but is a
decision that is best left to parents.
Circumcision is not to be routinely
recommend by physicians.

Policy statement 1999
Why Circumcise?
 Appearance
 Religion (Jewish)
 Look like “Dad”
 Reduced chance of Urinary Tract Infects
 Affect less than 1% of American men
 Hygiene is simpler
Why not circumcise?
 Pain
 Cost ($350)
 Decrease sexual pleasure
 Risks
 Seizure, infection, choking, death, circumcision error
 100 infants die each year during circumcision (U.S.)
Image of Circumcision