Transcript Chapter 13 Part 1 - University of Nevada, Las Vegas

Chapter 12/13
Temporal Bone
Paranasal Sinuses
Petrous Pyramids
• Dense portion on temporal bone
• Houses
– ______________
– ______________
The Ear
• 3 Portions
– __________
– __________
– __________
External Ear
• ____________
• Tragus
• EAM
Middle Ear
• 3 parts
– ______________(ear drum)
– Tympanic cavity
– Auditory ____________
Tympanic Cavity
• Contains Auditory Ossicles
• ___________________(Attic)
– Superior aspect
• ________________proper
– Larger
– Inferior aspect
– ________________
• Passage from middle ear to nasopharynx
• Equalizes pressure
Ossicle Articulations
• ________________
– Attached to tympanic membrane
– Receives vibrations and relates to
• _______________
– Transmits vibrations from Malleus and passes
on to
• _______________
– Smallest
– Transmits vibrations to oval window
Internal Ear
• Area of hearing and equilibrium
• Contains 2 parts
– ______________Labyrinth
– ______________ Labyrinth
• Area within the osseous labyrinth
Osseous Labyrinth
• 3 parts
– ______________
• For hearing
• Round window
– ____________
• Oval window
– _____________
• For equilibrium
Internal Acoustic Meatus
• Area of ______________-nerves
• ____________best to visualize
Mastoids
• Inferior portion of Temporal bone
• _____________
– Connects to middle ear from ________ by
way of the __________
• Due to this direct connection _______ can
reach mastoid air cells.
Sinuses
• Air filled _____________
– Lined with mucus membranes
• Surrounding the ______________
• All communicate with each other by way of
nasal cavity
Osteomeatal Complex
• Area where ___________ is collected
• Made of
– _________- Nasal Conchae (Turbinates)
– _________ – Spaces between conchae
• From the ____________complex to the
nasal cavities
Sinuses Con’t
• Maxillary (2)
• Frontal (usually 2)
• Ethmoid (Many)
• Sphenoid (1 or 2)
Maxillary Sinus
“Antrum of Highmore”
• ____________
• Located in the body of ____________
– Lateral to Nasal cavity
• Communicates to osteomeatal complex by
way of ______________ into middle nasal
meatus (Separated by ____________of
ethmoid)
Frontal Sinus
• Located between inner and outer table of
skull in frontal bone
– Posterior to ___________
• Can have 2 (most common) or 1 large
sinus
– Irregular shaped
• Communicate to osteomeatal complex by
Ethmoid sinus through _______________
Ethmoid Sinus
• Located within the ethmoid bone lateral
masses
• Many ________________
– Anterior, middle, posterior collections
• Communicates with the osteomeatal
complex directly by way of anterior
collections and drains into ____________
Sphenoid Sinus
• Located in the body of the sphenoid bone
– ______________
• Can have 2 or 1 sinus
• Communicates to the osteomeatal
complex by way of the _______________
Imaging the sinuses
•
•
•
•
•
•
Routine
________________________
Waters (Parietoacanthial)
PA Caldwell
Right or Left Lateral
SMV
40” SID
70-80 kVp
Waters
• Tip of chin on IR Nose _____________
• MML Line perpendicular
– OML forms 37°
• Mid sagittal line perpendicular
• CR to exit ________________
• Open mouth can show
– _____________
PA Caldwell
• PA Projection, Upright
• OML ________________
– ___________and OML Perpendicular
• Mid sagittal plane perpendicular
• CR to ________________
Lateral
• Right or left site dependant of area of interest or
department protocol. Upright
• Place pt into anterior oblique
• Interpupillary line perpendicular to IR
• ___________to front of cassette
• CR to enter between __________________
SMV
• Upright
• Tilt head back so _____________to IR
• Mid sagittal perpendicular
• CR to enter between _________________
CT Invasion
• Thin _______________
• Better visualization of _________complex