Transcript Unit 8: Eyes, Ears, & The Musculoskeletal System

HS111 – Medical Terminology
Seminar
July 20th – 26th, 2011
UNIT 7:
EYES, EARS, &
THE MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
Learning Activities
for this Week
1. Complete Reading – Ch. 12, 13, & 14
2. Participate in Discussion Board
3. Attend one of the flex seminars or
complete Opt.2 assignment
4. Take Quiz by Tuesday
5. No project due, but there is in Unit 8 (all
information in template found in ‘Doc
Sharing’ tab)
Chapter 12
EYE
Characteristics of the Eyes
 Organs of vision
 Located in a bony protective cavity of the
skull called the ‘orbit’
 Only a small portion of the eye is visible
from the exterior
 Structures include sclera, cornea, iris,
pupil, lens, retina, optic nerve
Structures of the Eye
Combining Forms of the Eye
More Combining Forms
Cry/o.......................cold
Dipl/o...........two,
double
Phot/o....................light
Ton/o....tension,
pressure
Prefixes / Suffixes
Prefix
Bi-, bin-.......................two
Suffixes
-opia.......vision (condition)
-phobia....abnormal fear of
or aversion to specific
things
-plegia.................paralysis
Quiz
Breakdown:
1. Blepharitis
2. ophthalmalgia
3. retinopathy
Disease & Disorder Terms
 Blepharoptosis – drooping of the eyelid
 Conjunctivitis – aka pink eye
 Oculomycosis – abnormal condition of the
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eye caused by fungus
Diplopia – double vision
Blepharitis – inflammation of the eyelid
Ophthalmalgia – pain in the eye
Cataract – clouding of the lens of the eye
Sty – infection of oil gland of eyelid (aka
hordeolum)
Nyctalopia – poor night vision
Surgical Terms
 Blepharoplasty –
surgical repair of
eyelid
 Dacryocystotomy –
incision into tear sac
 Enucleation –
surgical removal of
eyeball
Diagnostic &
Complementary Terms
 Tonometry – measurement of eye pressure
 Keratometer – instrument used to measure
curvature of the cornea (to fit contact lenses)
 Binocular – pertaining to 2 or both eyes
 Intraocular – pertaining to w/in the eye
 Ophthalmopathy – disease of the eye
 Visual acuity (VA) – sharpness of vision for
either distance or near
Chapter 13
EAR
Characteristics of the Ears
 2 Functions: 1. hear; 2. provide sense of
balance
 3 parts: 1. external ear; 2. middle ear; 3.
inner ear (aka labyrinth)
 We hear b/c sound waves vibrate through the
ear where they are transformed into nerve
impulses that are then carried to our brains
 Structures include auricle, tympanic
membrane (eardrum), ossicles, cochlea
Structures of the Eye
Combining Forms of the Ear
Audi/o..................................hearing
Aur/i, aur/o, ot/o.........................ear
Cochle/o.............................cochlea
Labyrinth/o......labyrinth (inner ear)
Mastoid/o..................mastoid bone
Myring/o........tympanic membrane
(eardrum)
Staped/o...............................stapes
(middle ear bone)
Tympan/o.......tympanic membrane
(eardrum); middle ear
Vestibul/o..........................vestibule
Quiz
Please define:
1. Mastoidectomy
2. Myringotomy
3. Tympanoplasty
Disease & Disorder Terms
 Tympanitis – inflammation of middle ear
(aka. Otitis media)
 Otomycosis – abnormal condition of fungus
in ear
 Otalgia – pain in the ear
 Otomastoiditis – inflammation of ear and
mastoid bone
 Myringitis – inflammation of tympanic
membrane
 Presbycusis – hearing impairment in old age
 Tinnitus – ringing in the ears
Surgical Terms
Labyrinthectomy –
excision of the
labyrinth
Myringotomy – incision
into the tympanic
membrane
Tympanoplasty –
surgical repair of
middle ear
Diagnostic &
Complimentary Terms
 Audiogram – graphic
record of hearing
 Otoscope –
instrument used for
visual exam of ear
 Audiology – study of
hearing
Chapter 14
MUSCULOSKELETAL
SYSTEM
Characteristics of the
Musculoskeletal System
Made up of muscles, bones, and joints
Body has 206 bones and 600+ muscles
Joints are located any place 2+ bones meet
Functions of muscular system => movement,
posture, joint stability, and heat production
 Functions of skeletal system => provide a
framework for body, protect soft body parts (ex
brain), store calcium, and produce blood cells
 List of structures and bones on pp.608-612
 Joints hold our bones together and make
movement (p.614)
 Muscles – skeletal, smooth, cardiac (p. 615-618)
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Types of Body Movement
Abduction – movement of drawing away from the middle
Adduction - movement of drawing toward the middle
Inversion – turning away
Eversion – turning outward
Extension – movement in which a limb is placed in a
straight position
Flexion – movement in which a limb is bent
Pronation – movement that turns the palm down
Supination – movement that turns the palm up
Rotation – turning around its own axis
(some) Combining Forms of
Musculoskeletal System
Cost/o....................................rib
Patell/o.........................kneecap
Stern/o.....................breast bone
Spondyl/o...................vertebrae
Mandibul/o..........lower jawbone
Chondr/o......................cartilage
Arthr/o...............................joint
Oste/o...............................bone
Tend/o............................tendon
Kinesi/o.........movement, motion
Scoli/o................crooked, curved
Prefixes & Suffixes
Prefixes
Inter-.........................between
Supra-..........................above
Sym-, syn-.....together, joined
Suffixes
-asthenia..................weakness
-clasia, -clasis, -clast.......break
-desis..............surgical fixation,
fusion
-physis..........................growth
-schisis..................split, fissure
Quiz
Definition
1. Cost/o
2. Oste/o
3. -physis
Disease & Disorder Terms
Arthritis – inflammation of a joint
Ankylosis – abnormal condition of stiffness
Myasthenia – muscle weakness
Fracture – broken bone
Carpal tunnel syndrome – painful
compression of a nerve in the wrist
Gout – disease in which an excessive amt of
uric acid in the blood causes sodium urate
crystals to be deposited in the joints
Surgical Terms
 Chrondroplasty – surgical repair of
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cartilage
Tenomyoplasty – surgical repair of a
tendon and a muscle
Ostectomy – excision of a bone
Cranioplasty – surgical repair of the skull
Myorrhaphy – suture of a muscle
Diagnostic &
Complimentary Terms
Arthrography – radiographic imaging of a joint
Atrophy – w/out development (wasting)
Dyskinesia – difficult movement
Intracranial – pertaining to w/in the cranium
Podiatrist – specialist who treats and diagnoses
foot diseases and disorders
Chiropractic – system of therapy that consists
of manipulation of the vertebral column
Good Night &
Have a Great Week!